Technological innovation in earth constructions: prefabrication and 3D printing

Abstract

This article focuses on the use and application of innovative technologies and tools in earth construction processes. It reviews the rammed earth construction system and its evolution towards prefabrication, as well as the use of earth as a raw material in the production of housing prototypes through 3D printing technology.
In order to validate earth construction as a modern and viable material, several recognized and award-winning works and prototypes at a global scale are collected and analyzed. These case studies utilize earth as the initial raw material for prefabrication and 3D printing, thus identifying the best technique that can be transferred to a developing country like Ecuador. The results of this research serve to highlight earth as a modern, alternative, and viable material that meets current demands for sustainability, energy efficiency, and housing deficit. Furthermore, its use in buildings can enhance thermal and acoustic performance due to its temperature and humidity regulation capabilities. Earth construction is also associated with promoting sustainable architecture and preserving cultural heritage. In conclusion, earth construction is a valuable option to address housing and sustainability challenges.