Proceedings of the International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism-ICCAUA

Unveiling the Spiritual Essence in Contemporary Bahraini Mosques through Architectural Phenomenology

Manar Buhusain, Prof. Dr. Najlaa Allani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research explores the impact of light phenomenology on user experience in contemporary mosques, focusing on
mosques in Bahrain. The research aims to understand the significance of architectural phenomenology, and how light
can contribute to affecting the user experience, particularly in smaller contemporary mosques. The theoretical study
delves into the role of architecture in shaping space, a detailed examination of light phenomenology, its role in sacred
spaces, and its effects on human beings. The case study involves a phenomenological analysis of three contemporary
mosques, considering building orientation, natural light fenestration, material qualities, and artificial lighting. The
results indicate that despite the absence of traditional Islamic elements, contemporary mosques in Bahrain
successfully create a spiritual atmosphere through the integration of natural light. User surveys reveal a preference
for mosques that provide a sense of spirituality, emphasizing the importance of light in enhancing the sacred
experience.

New Approaches to Contemporary Elderly Care Home Design

Sule Iganya Drusilla, Dr. Nevbahar Atalay — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In a developing world today, elderly citizens need extra care and attention. Still, at a point, family members may not
be able to provide proper attention to their older ones for various reasons, which may include busy schedules, the
skill required, and equipment; hence, a care home becomes an option that can provide a sustainable living
environment for the older people. This paper describes socialization as a major problem faced by the elderly in care
homes, which causes isolation and progresses into depression; hence, it proposes a paradigm shift in design that
goes beyond the boundaries of a hospital or an isolation center. The architectural solutions propose creating a safe
space where the elderly can make new connections and rediscover themselves by integrating a vocational school
with the elderly care homes that meet the social needs of elderly citizens, providing them with an adaptive and
conducive space. Identifying the needs of elderly people is one of the factors considered very important, as it is
necessary to understand that the care of elderly people can be a bit challenging because they become very sensitive
as they age.

Video Oyunları Seviye Tasarımı için Mimari Tasarım Süreci

Hakan Hacıoğlu, Assist. Prof. Dr. Funda Tan Bayram — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In this study, the similarities of the design process between video game level spaces and the architectural design
process, as a spatial production, and the methods that can be used will be examined. In this context, the issue of video
game level design will be discussed, the architectural representation techniques and methods, including the softwares
used in these level design process will be shown. The basic design tools in architecture will also be examined in this
sense and the techniques of use in level design will be explained with examples. An architectural design process
approach in level design will be explored, and methods similar to architectural design process and representation tools
in level design will be explained. To be able to understand the design process similarities for both architectural designs
and video game level designs, a system will be tried to be revealed with an architectural approach.

Evaluation of the Contribution of Cemeteries to Urban Ecosystem Services: A Case Study of Edirne

B.S. Rüveyda Değer , Dr. Emine Keleş Özgenç — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Although green spaces in cities play a critical role in providing ecosystem services, cemeteries are often considered
an overlooked part of urban green spaces. However, in recent years, these areas have come to the forefront due to
their potential to provide a range of important ecosystem services such as conservation of biological diversity,
habitat provision, air quality regulation, carbon storage, and water management. This study aims to concretely
determine the contribution of four cemeteries -Acıçeşme, Buçuktepe, Bademlik and Karaağaç- located within the
central district boundaries of Edirne, to urban ecosystem services. Using the i-Tree Canopy model, the land cover
distribution, air pollution impacts, and carbon sequestration/storage amounts of these cemeteries were analysed.
The results indicate that Buçuktepe cemetery provides the highest ecosystem services due to its large area and dense
tree canopy. It is estimated that the 64.2% tree canopy cover in Buçuktepe Cemetery removes 365.44 kg of gases
and particulate matter from the air annually, sequesters 16.02 tonnes of carbon and stores 402.21 tonnes of carbon.
These results show that cemeteries make a significant contribution to regulating ecosystem services in urban areas.
The study highlights the potential for transforming cemeteries into multifunctional landscapes that contribute to
urban ecosystem services.

Space Behind Abstraction: The Metamorphosis of Shape

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Purpose: to demonstrate the relation among various architectural contents, whose synthesis is materialized in the
design of the architectural space. Method: to develop, in the context of the curricular unity of Drawing, of the Architecture Program, the conception of an architectural space, through an exploratory exercise, using the abstraction of a spot as a starting point, in order to achieve, by its metamorphosis, different kind of spaces, which reflect its main characteristics. The process is
experimental, from the analysis and interpretation of the intrinsic qualities of the spot, to the conception of a threedimensional spatial model. Results and conclusion: the perception that the formulation of space, in architecture, is a synthesis of several
knowledges. This exercise shows, taking as a starting point something so abstract as a spot, one can, through an
experimental process of interpretation, obtain architectural space.

Laboratory of the Present

Ph.D. Candidate Angela Palumbo — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Architecture Biennale is entrusted with the mission of being a sensor of the future through a collection of possible
actions in the present on a global scale. The 18th Laboratory of the Future Exhibition curated by Lesley Lokko was born
with the intention of being a laboratory place, as the title itself declares, but in reality it denies, by deciding not to deal
with, a decisive issue for the planning of the future: the city. Lee Kuan Yew's quote in Singapore Songlines "Singapore
is a very small place, in a very large, varied and changing world, and unless it is nimble and quick to adapt, it will perish
and the people know it", underlines the strength of urban acceleration. The life system of African cities, crazy and
incomprehensible, but at the same time contemporary, makes them the ideal case to ask the question: what will the
cities of the future be like?

Teaching Architecture: The New Challenges

Prof. Dr. Ana Bordalo — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The teaching of Architecture presents new challenges. The constantly changing world leaves, in the same classroom,
generations with different skills in terms of mastering the digital tools and technologies. Teachers from the “analog
era” teach students from the “digital era”. The need to cross these two worlds – in the teaching and in the practice of
the profession - generates structuring questions for the planning of the courses (from degree to doctorate) that need
to respond to how we can reconcile different interests without forget the need to explore manual skills and the need
to implement a “real thinking” about concepts like: place, space, function, etc. – which we cannot allow that could be
replaced by “artificial thinkings”.

Qurio-City: Seeking Refuge in Unconventional Habitats

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The project aims to design a regenerative and resilient space centre for urban environments. It explores the
concept of architecture as a responsive machine, adapting to urban, socio-economic and environmental
dynamics. Drawing inspiration from natural systems, the project involves creating three-dimensional prototypes
to analyse ecological infrastructure. In a unique approach, the exploration extends to developing chain
prototypes inspired by the collaborative and efficient behaviours observed in weaver ants, further enriching the
project's understanding of interconnected ecological systems. These assemblies contribute to the development
of a new architectural paradigm that dynamically responds to the ever-changing environment. The envisioned
space centre, with its human-centric design, sustainable features, and adaptable technology, becomes a
transformative hub within the urban landscape. It is poised to integrate new space exploration technologies,
adjust to changes, and symbolise a progressive step towards emergent ecological morphology in architecture.

Presenting a Design Method that Begins with Space and Ends with Building

M.S. Asil Yousef Zureigat, B.A. Jehan Diab, B.A. Deema Al Shaheen — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Buildings in their fundamental being are space-enclosing structures where space is a container of human activity which
in turn is exceptionally diverse and multifaceted and yet is always limited to a set of standard spaces. The spaces of
buildings are designed to meet functional requirements or the needs of occupants, but rarely address the diversity of
their activities in specific terms. Multifunctional, general or standard spaces have overridden a layer of spatial
specificity and relevance that could be part of any kind of building. By looking at human activity as a generator of
program, this paper proposes a design approach that begins with the design of space through presenting two examples
of spaces designed for a youth center in Amman, Jordan.

Unraveling Object-Oriented Dynamics in Architectural Form: The Impact of Randomness in Digital Design Processes

Sahra Demirbaş, Assist. Prof. Dr. Funda Tan Bayram — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The field of Mereology offers an understanding of the object-oriented dynamics between component parts and their
holistic integrations. Within this framework, architectural form creates a rich landscape of possibilities stemming
from the complex interactions among various living and non-living elements. In this perspective, each entity operates
within its own objective reality, contributing to the rich fabric of relationships that shape architectural form. In this
form-centric approach, deliberate design efforts are complemented by the influences of chance events and
randomness in the assembly of elements. The impact of randomness extends to traditional structural design
processes, but this effect becomes more pronounced in digital computational environments. As we transition into
digital reality, the representation of objects gains independent significance from their physical counterparts. Here,
randomness plays a decisive and constructive role in shaping the digital landscape and forming structures. In this
context, this study aims to elucidate the essence and consequences of randomness in the formation of architectural
form. Through meticulous examination of specific examples from form-finding studies, the goal is to determine the
extent of randomness's influence.

Innovative Learning Methods and Design Strategies of Library Buildings

B.A. Seyla KOÇAK, Assoc. Dr. Selin YILDIZ — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

When discussing the concepts of "education" and "teaching", conventional educational institutions, such as schools,
typically come to mind. However, libraries also make a significant contribution to public education. Learning theories
in educational sciences are dynamic and consistently updated to remain current. It is essential that any location that
facilitates learning activities is cognizant of these trends and incorporates them into its philosophy of education. To
establish the foundation for innovative library design, it is necessary to understand the zeitgeist and the current
requirements of users. This study aims to examine innovative education methods, evaluate their applicability
concerning design criteria such as flexibility, sustainability, accessibility, and offer an updated design pathway for
library buildings.

From Theory to Practice - Research of Education at the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning - Cluj-Napoca

Ph.D. Candidate Arch. Alexandra Cuibuș (Vancea), PhD. Arch. Alice Maria Oprică — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the integration of architectural education with public sector technology through a collaboration
between the Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning and Cluj County Council. Concentrating on the digitalization
of local urban plans, particularly in rural areas, it offers a practical case study for students to involve them in public
practice. This partnership allows students to acquire skills in urban planning, territorial management, and compliance
with environmental and professional standards. The research studies how students attain expertise in spatial
organization, urban functionality, and the wider professional scope of architecture and urbanism. The study
emphasizes that real-world, hands-on experiences are indispensable for training future urban planners. It highlights
the necessity of merging theoretical education with practical application, showcasing the value of collaborative
educational models in architectural training, particularly in public sector contexts by introducing students and the
urban actors of the county administration in a fruitful practice.

Integrating Building Management Systems in High-Rise Structures using Building Information Modeling

Asst. Prof. Dr. Purva Mujumdar, B. Arch. Student Shlok Agarwal — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Rapid industrialization and population growth in urban areas has resulted in scarce land resources thus changing built
form tremendously. Complex construction such as high-rise structures are becoming an essential requirement in urban
areas. Efficient Building Management System (BMS) such as fire safety, heating ventilation and air-conditioning,
security, and surveillance along with the operation and maintenance is crucial for high-rise construction projects. The
construction industry is one of the most labor-intensive industries in the world with a human centric management
approach. With the advent of computer technologies, planning and management of building systems in a construction
project have become easier. The concept of Building Information Modeling (BIM) to manage building management
systems in construction projects is gaining popularity. In this study, an integrated framework is proposed that includes
numerous aspects of building management systems in high-rise structures with a dynamic BIM model. This proposed
framework was explored with a case illustration of a multi-story building. Preliminary results of the model are
presented herewith.

The Climate Change and Construction Industry: A Battle in 21st Century

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Didem Gunes Yilmaz — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

As we approach completing the first quarter of the 21st century, we experience the development of Industry 4.0 in
many areas. Remarkably, after the mid-2010s, significant changes took place in the operations and production of
many sectors. However, the construction industry still falls far behind these speed-up changes as “the construction
industry remains climate-unfriendly*”. Many reports state that the construction industry is responsible for 38% of
annual greenhouse gas emissions globally. As the dominating material, concrete is responsible for 7% of all global
carbon emissions. Although environmental considerations have become undeniable in the sector and moves such as
Carbon Neutrality, Green Deals, Net-zero-buildings, etc., have emerged, the industry still does not show any radical
change as a response. This paper focuses on the construction industry to understand its role in climate change. It
aims to clarify how the conventional practice in the sector contributes to carbon emissions and energy consumption
from the start of production to life cycle assessment. The paper primarily focuses on the cement production and
novelties adopted in order to combat climate change and reviews the approaches to reduce the environmental
impact of the industry.

Overlooking the Visibility of Mosques: From a Norm to a Harm on Developed Urbanism in Nablus City

B.Arch Diana Enab — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Addressing issues of existing Islamic cities is paramount to the establishment of possible modern imprints of Islamic
architecture. The visibility of mosques has been identified as a dilemma in the context of Nablus City, where
topography raises the urban impacts of vertical growth on space perception. This paper aims to investigate the
transition of visibility from historic mosques in the old city and aims to measure the visibility of contemporary mosques
in existing urbanism. Computational tools like DecodingSpaces and Ladybug plugins are used to operate Isovist and
View Percentage analysis of the context of investigated mosques. Findings showed that the horizontal distances, the
lengths and heights of buildings’ façade, and the topography, altered the values of mosques visibility. The results of
the study bring insights and suggest recommendations to the practice of urban planners, designers, and contributors
to the planning of contemporary Islamic architecture.

A Research on Determination of Database and Software Tool in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Method: The Sample of Turkish Building Industry

Ph.D. Candidate Naide Sevim Koşan, Prof. Figen Beyhan — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a scientific method for quantitatively assessing the environmental, social and economic
impacts associated with a product, process or service throughout its life cycle. It is complex and time-consuming as
it requires the processing of a large number of data and assumptions. "LCA databases" and "LCA software tools" are
being developed to reduce this effort and time. With the increasing interest in the LCA method for the Turkish
construction industry, the “TLCID” and "TurComDat" databases has been prepared; however, the software tool to
use these databases have not yet been developed. This situation reveals the need for a guiding "decision support
mechanism" for the selection of the most appropriate database and software tool to be used. In this study, databases
and software tools were critically reviewed to determine their possible adaptation to the Turkish construction
industry. It was concluded that the "SimaPro" software tool, which enables international use, and the "Ecoinvent"
database supported by the software can be adapted and used with Turkey's energy average and water data. With
this study, it is aimed to create guiding evaluations for the choices to be made within the scope of LCA.

Identification of the Abderrahmane Bouchama's Architectural Approach Assessed by the Semiotic Model in the Algerian Post-Independence Architecture

Ph.D. Candidate Sarra Meliani-Djerrai, Prof. Dr. Youcef Chennaoui — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Islamic architecture is among the most significant architectural trends favored by Algerian authorities since the
independence of the country in 1962. Numerous official buildings in the capital Algiers illustrate authentic
“Algerian architecture”, derived from the pre-colonial Heritage. Our study aims to produce a matrix for the
Islamic referents, showcased in the façades designed by Abderrahmane Bouchama, a leading figure of this trend.
To achieve this goal, we resorted to a semiotic investigation of the facades of two of Bouchama’s notorious
buildings: the headquarters of the Birkhadem National Archives, and the Caroubier University of Islamic Sciences
(Algiers). By applying the Levy-Spigai Analysis framework to our case studies, we were able to determine the
architectural Islamic components used in Bouchama’s architecture. The main purpose of our study is to edit a
set of architectural and aesthetic rules as a guidance, providing a normative design guide to Algerian architects.

Pedagogical Strategies for Architecture against Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Asst. Prof. Ar. Maharishi Thula — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Artificial intelligence(AI) is a sensation that currently stimuluses every phase of life. AI applications already started to
transform the business methods in different disciplines. The complex nature of the practice makes architecture a important
area of research and experiment for AI claims and applications. This paper presents a study that evaluates the methods of
AI in architecture from an educational standpoint. It includes existing executions and probable future approaches from
diverse domains and areas of theory and practice that might be useful for the development of architectural education. The
Study will also cover Essential evaluation on how the dependability upon the tools and technics against the creative thinking
is affecting the desired level of outcome. This analysis will also give the clue of how much integration of AI is necessary for
specific design process. The objective of this research is to define how AI tools and architectural knowledge can be integrated
to learn and practice architecture. If architects can use the opportunity to utilize AI in various phases of design and
construction, the nature of the profession will change irreversibly. This process should be started right from the education
and it should be implemented first as a core pedagogical strategy.

Paradise Lost. From Eutopia to Atopia

Ph.D Architect. Ugo Rossi — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

At the origin of every architectural and city project, there is a nostalgia for Paradise or the aspiration to build this wonderful
place we have lost. Visions, architecture and city projects are necessarily prophetic images in search of a happy life on
Earth. Every proposal for the city, every project, and every plan is a Utopia, an ideal place which aspires to become Eutopia.
However, given the many visions and proposals, we can ask ourselves whether these Utopias have fulfilled their promise
to achieve a good place or are dystopias. In light of this unknown factor, this paper intends to reflect on some visions and
proposals of the city. Some of them constitute the foundations of urban planning – like Howar’s Garden City, Wright’s
Broadacre City, Le Corbusier’s Radiant City, the functional city of CIAM – others, elaborated by Erwin Anton Gutkind, Iannis
Xenakis, Constantinos Doxiadis, Takis Zenetos, originated from different assumptions, deluding themselves that they are
solving the problems of the contemporary city or represent its last frontier, such as the Smart City.

Basic Design Education Approach Example and Comparative Analysis

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elif Özgen, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mine Tunçok Sarıberberoğlu — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The architectural education process in most state and foundation universities in our country is generally based on
the backbone of 'Basic Design Education'. The study is based on the course outputs of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal
University in the Fall Semester of the 2023-2024 academic year. Within the scope of the course, although a similar
course operation was determined for two different branches, different activities were deliberately carried out,
especially in the concept development process. With this approach, the students of one branch were given a large
number of assignments and applications to experience the design process through various experiments with
different disciplines. In the other branch, the scope was broader and the emphasis was on examples, assignments,
and applications within architecture. The methodology outlined in this study is qualitative in approach and deals
with a comparative analysis of the approaches between the branches. The study aims to contribute to the
improvement of the learning-oriented model in the process of Basic Design Education in Architecture undergraduate
education, as well as to create a discussion environment on the linear or inverse proportions of the educational
approach that requires more effort, time and labor in quantitative terms on the results.

Evolution of Practice in Undergraduate Architecture Education through Institutional Formations

Ph.D. Candidate Melike Nur Şahin — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Practice has always had an important place in the basis of architectural education, which exists with the mentoring
system. With the influence of studio culture, practice has been relatively more prominent than theory in architecture
undergraduate education. While the practical tendency in architectural education, which became theoretical with
Bauhaus, takes place in workshops, an architectural education pedagogy is shaped in research-practice intersections
with environments such as the Space Syntax Laboratory established at UCL. It can be said that technology plays an
active role in the orientation of education. This study investigates the question 'How has the practical approach in
architectural education been transformed?’ By using the historical research method, it examines the methods and
environments of the realization of practice in architectural education. It reveals architectural education within five
distinct periods: The ancient period, the Renaissance period, the Modern period, the Post-modern period, and the
Contemporary period. The convergences and disconnections between the workplace, competition, studio, and
laboratory, which are determined as the environments of practice in architectural education, are analyzed. As a result,
it aims to provide a critical analysis of the current opportunities and future practice possibilities that practice offers to
architectural education.

Atrium Design in Hot and Dry Climates: Understanding the Influence of Achitectural Form Variation on Indoor Thermal Conditions

Ph.D. Khalida Boussebci, Prof. Noureddine Zemmouri, Dr. Chafik Mahaya — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The atrium is becoming more prevalent in desert regions as a key architectural and functional element in the urban
landscape. In southern Algerian cities, we are observing an increasing integration of centralized atriums in public
buildings. However, this integration may have an impact on the indoor environmental conditions of the buildings. This
study investigates the influence of architectural aspects on the indoor thermal behavior of an existing centralized and
enclosed atrium in the hot and dry climate of Laghouat. The study analyzes the influence of tow parameters, namely
height and glazed area ratio, during summer season. The EDSL-Tas software for dynamic thermal simulation modeling
was used. The results revealed that the vertical temperature distribution in the atrium varies depending on its design,
as a result of incoming solar radiation.

A New Idea of Revitalization for Urbicide Crisis

Assist. Prof. Dr. Concetta Tavoletta — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

«A manifest and violent opposition to the highest values of civilization», this is the definition that the Serbian Bogdan
Bogdanovic gave to the term urbicide, which he coined to describe the atrocities of the War in the Balkans. Bogdanovic
was mayor of Belgrade from 1982 to 1986 and has crystallized through his books the devastation that the territory
suffered in those years. In his 1993 article for Lettera Internazionale he underlined how «it seems that there was less
room for tenderness and love towards the city than there was space and stimulus for completely contrasting feelings:
discomfort, revulsion, contempt and above all fear» and this can be found not only in the history of our civilization but
also in the contemporary world. What remains of the cities are mostly skeletal, dormant and suffering elements,
mirrors of abandonment and neglect. There are, however, further conditions of urbicide that sneakily creep into the
contemporary panorama. This work proposes a reinterpretation of the phenomenon of urbicide by trying to describe
good practices that seek to interpret destructive actions as a positive and alternative reality to the phenomenon.

Simulation of Acoustic Conditions within the Markanda Temple, India

Ar. Apoorva A Dandge Ph.D. Candidate, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Akshay P. Patil — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The ancient religious structures hold a significant wealth of knowledge, with their acoustics being a part of their
inheritance. Hindu temples in Central India built during the 12th century exemplify this. However, the challenge lies in
evaluating the acoustics under occupied conditions due to the various configurations of sound sources and
worshippers' positions. While existing literature offers calculation methods for predicting reverberation time, this
paper introduces a novel and intriguing approach. We simulate the acoustics in the pavilion and sanctum space under
occupied conditions using the advanced acoustics simulations software ‘ODEON’. This innovative method allows us to
obtain a comprehensive set of acoustic parameters. Due to its reverberant nature, the study examines the Markanda
temple in Gadchiroli district, allowing for a better understanding of occupancy-related variations. Nevertheless, the
results indicate that the impact of occupancy was limited due to the absorbing elements on the floor in the form of
carpet, resulting in ‘fair’ acoustic conditions for speech intelligibility.

Digital Transformation: Elevating Landscape Architecture through Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Ph.D. Candidate Weldy Eka Saputra, Dr. Lee Yoke Lai, M.A Fatema Malas Nafeed — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is widely used in architecture and construction, particularly in building and
structure design. However, BIM is imposed in landscape architecture design, which is still not much applied in
landscape architecture, academically and practically. Therefore, this paper explores the benefits of BIM application in
landscape architecture design. A methodology involves a systematic literature review (SLR) on BIM landscape
architecture to explore the purposes and benefits of BIM's landscape architecture. The study found that the BIM
application has contributed valuable benefits to the landscape architecture design process and the digital modeling of
landscapes. Moreover, the study provides a solution software application and tool to generate a sustainable landscape
design from the pre-design stage of landscape architecture projects . In short, successfully utilizing BIM depends on an
operator's human skills to use the application in landscape architecture projects and enhance the multiple aspects of
landscape visualization.

The Impact of the Built Environment on Students' Social and Cultural Sustainability in Educational Campuses: Istanbul Okan University Case

Saadat Madaki DUNAMA, Asst.Prof.Dr. Eda ÖZSOY — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

It is common knowledge that well-functioning buildings improve our lives, communities, and culture. This paper
describes the intricate relationship between architecture, spatial design, and the sustainable well-being of
educational institutions. How physical spaces impact social interactions, foster cultural exchange, and contribute
to long-term sustainability is explored. Social sustainability, which aims to define, organize, and develop social
life based on humans and their relationships/interactions in social life, requires a versatile and well-understood
relationship between the built environment and society. By combining qualitative research, user surveys, and
architectural analysis, this paper provides actionable insights for enhancing the social and cultural sustainability
of educational campuses.It is extremely important to evaluate the spatial quality of the built environment in
terms of students' sense of belonging, social ties, sense of community, trust, and physical well-being when using
university campuses for students coming from different cultures, different cities/countries, and different
professions. This study, which will focus on Istanbul Okan University Campus as a case study, will propose an
original evaluation framework that relates the functional quality of the campus’s-built environment to various
spatial qualities at different spatial levels for evaluating social sustainability in campus life.

Enhancing Next-Generation Workplaces by Developing Office Interior Architecture with Biophilic Elements

Yalın Tan, Vural Armutcuoğlu, Mehmet Macid Aksu — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In today's world, with the impact of Covid-19 on businesses, hybrid work models have become necessity, and health
and safety concerns have increased. Biophilic design has played a significant role, adapting to new requirements such
as social distancing and hygiene in interior spaces. Biophilic design boosts employee motivation, performance, and
enhances workplace ambiance through nature interaction. This study examines how biophilic design can be utilized to
adapt to hybrid work models and enhance employee health and well-being. Innovative design proposals based on
biophilic design principles, including plant arrangements, natural lighting, ventilation optimization, and flexible
workspaces, have been developed. These designs adopt a human-centered approach, considering ergonomics,
productivity, and employee well-being. Consequently, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the
importance of biophilic design for businesses and how interior workspaces can be designed. Additionally, the use of
sustainable materials and energy efficiency was emphasized in the design process.

Cement-Based Composites with Additive Manufacturing Technologies for Sustainable Architecture: A Review

Ph.D. Candidate Irem CEYLAN — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

To minimize environmental damage caused by architecture and contribute to sustainability, digital fabrication
technologies, which have lower CO2 emissions and energy consumption compared to traditional production
techniques, have been applied. One of the processes of digital fabrication is additive manufacturing (AM). AM
technology is becoming increasingly popular due to its ability to give the designer freedom of form and its eco-friendly
nature. Considering the cement-based composites applied with AM technologies, CO2 emissions can be reduced by
approximately 32%. This paper aims to systematically summarize the content, improved properties, and
environmental advantages of cement-based composite materials applied with AM technology and to determine the
distribution of the number of studies by year. It has been observed that the studies have started to increase
significantly since 2017. This indicates that cement used in architectural applications through various reinforcements
and, AM technology for environmental sustainability has become more and more widespread.

Impact of Architectural Forms on Human PerceptionA Neurocognitive Experimentation

Abhijeet Pal, Ammar Ul Haq — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The form or shape of the built environment is fundamental to architectural design, but not many studies have shown
the impact of different forms on the inhabitants’ consciousness. This study will investigate the neurological correlates
of different interior forms on the perceivers’ affective state and the accompanying brain activity. There exists a
measurable and predictable relationship between the effect of the architectural form of buildings on their users’ brain
wave frequencies, and then their consciousness status. Leveraging Electroencephalography (EEG), we quantitatively
capture brainwave patterns as participants navigate diverse architecturally designed spaces virtually. Key objective is
the development of a scientific measuring tool, aiding architects and designers in creating spaces tailored to desired
consciousness states for optimal user experience and well-being.

Guidelines for Enhancing the Learning Environment by the Integration of Design Flexibility and Immersive Technology (The Case of the British University in Egypt’s Classrooms)

M.Sc.Student. Eman Ayman, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gehan Nagy — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The trend towards developing the space and technology in educational institutions is crucial for enhancing the learning
environment. According to Basdogan & Morrone (2021), there is a lack of flexible learning spaces that accommodate all
changes, educational needs, and technological development. This study aimed to develop guidelines for enhancing learning
environment by the integration of design flexibility and immersive technology. The study adopted mixed method approach:
qualitative and quantitative methods, integrating the theoretical study of the flexible learning spaces design and immersive
technology literature review into the applied study of proposing flexible technological learning space in the British
university in Egypt. Study findings determined the incapability of traditional learning spaces to adapt with all users needs
in comparison to the proposed flexible technological learning space. The study concluded with the proposed guidelines,
the limitations and further study recommendations.

Automatic Design Line Detection in Urban Building Images through DCT

Ph.D. Candidate Lina Davud, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Selin Yildiz — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The conversion of urban building images into design lines is a valuable technique used in architecture. It aids in the
analysis of design styles and building components. Recent studies have shown a significant interest in using
computational methods to examine the design lines in architectural images, such as plans, facades, and streetscapes.
This research presents an automated approach that utilizes kernel filters to extract edges and reduce noise from
various architectural images. Additionally, it introduces a new filter that separates lines based on their directions
utilizing the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). The proposed technique generates distinct images that display the
vertical, horizontal, and curved lines extracted from the original images. The results demonstrate that the proposed
technique is efficient not only with architectural drawings but also with photographs of existing buildings. This
technique opens the door for further experimentation in artificial intelligence, computational aesthetics, image
rectification and calibration, and 3D building reconstruction.

Physical and Conceptual Space Analysis of Odunpazarı Modern Museum

Ph.D. Candidate Kübra Koçhan, Asst. Prof. Dr. Hande Düzgün Bekdaş — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the physical and conceptual space of the Odunpazarı Modern Museum (OMM) in
Eskişehir. OMM is physically analyzed by examining the boundaries, form/shape, dimensions/aspects,
orientation/orientation, joints/divisions, transitions/connections, lighting, material, color and equipment of the
space. Conceptually, the social contacts, perception, memory, public/private space, place and time of the space are
analyzed. In the findings of the analysis, the use of materials, the form of the space, the dimensions/spaces of the
space and the relationship with the environment are the prominent features. The choice of wood as a material and
the use of this material with new techniques are evaluated positively. The museum building is not a single mass.
Thanks to the combination of fragmented masses and the horizontal lines on the façade, its height and proportions
are not perceived much when viewed closely with the human scale. On the other hand, the museum building is wide
and large compared to the proportions in the general surrounding texture. This reflects the contrast between the
historic environment and the modern museum building. It is determined that this contrast is created in order to
increase the visibility of the historical environment and the prominence of the museum building.

Is the Traditional Rural Architecture in the Periphery of Istanbul Climate-Friendly? The Case Study of Şile, Gökmaslı

B.Arch Senem İme, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Koray Güler — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Nowadays, the decrease in available resources due to excessive use and the deterioration of ecological balance have
revealed the necessity of developing approaches compatible with nature for the whole world. The effects of these
approaches have been seen for a long time in the construction industry, which constitutes a significant part of energy
consumption, and therefore in the field of architecture. There is an increasing environmental awareness not only of
the design and implementation phases of new buildings but also of reconsidering existing historical rural settlements
built according to natural and climatic conditions in the past. This paper aims to verify/falsify the theory that it would
be beneficial to protect and sustain the traditional rural architectural heritage in combating the negative effects of the
climate crisis, which is widely accepted in the literature. These criteria
were questioned in-depth on a case, which have rural heritage value. The existing physical environment in the Gökmaslı rural settlement of Şile on urban periphery of Istanbul was examined in terms of ecological sustainability, and the possible contributions of the preservation of historical settlements to climate adaptation studies are discussed.

A Critical Enquiry of Material Ageing in Interior Architecture

B. Id Saumya Khimesara, Prof. Amal Shah — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Psychology and architecture are seen in intersections whenever the old buildings and spaces are repurposed. The
direct connection seen is through the materiality of those spaces. This raises the curiosity to explore the
amalgamation of a material's functionality and aesthetic values with its purpose and enduring existence, even
after decay, as seen through historical perspectives. This study aims to blend the material's purpose and idea of
existence with its functionality and aesthetic, considering the longevity of its impact. Investigating the value
creation of old materials, the research contributes to sustainability and evokes a sense of nostalgia, highlighting
the material's unique connection with history. Focused on interior architecture, the study challenges the
perception that ageing diminishes a space's value, advocating for positive emotional responses from occupants.
By examining global adaptation projects, particularly in Bombay, India, the research underscores the emotional
and historical significance of aged materials, emphasising their role in enhancing user experience and well-being.
The study contributes valuable insights for designers seeking to leverage the enduring value of ageing and
weathering materials, promoting sustainability and preserving historical connections in design approaches.

Effects of Building Materials on Sustainable Facade Design

Şeyda Hatipoğlu, Dr. Özgür Yakın — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Facade designs are crucial in creating the identity of buildings, as they allow buildings to interact with users, form ideas,
and evoke curiosity. Designers have been working to develop materials for facades since 7000 BC, with sustainability being
a key subheading in the innovation process. Sustainable architecture has evolved, influenced by lifestyles, geographical
conditions, social and physical needs, and economic reasons. Through the examination of many instances of the material's
historical evolution, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impacts of the material that is utilized in sustainable
building designs. It also examines examples of the use of nanotechnological facade materials, which are among the
sustainable facade technologies of the future. Within this context, the methods being followed about the issue have been
determined and the possible solutions have been discussed.

An Examination of the Renewal Process of Traditional Diyarbakır Suriçi Houses within the Scope of Environmental Sustainability Principles

B. Arch. Beritan Adar Gülcemal, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Gökçe Tuna Taygun — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

While traditional houses were produced with public experience and environmental qualities in the past, since the
end of the 20th century, the negative effects of the construction sector on the environment have been realized, and
the relationship between buildings and the environment has begun to be examined on an international level. The
region where the Traditional Diyarbakır Houses are located, which is the focus of this study, entered a transformation
process following conflicts in 2015. Literature reviews have revealed a lack of studies on the examination of new
houses built in place of demolished traditional structures on a building scale. This study aims to identify principles
of environmental sustainability and energy-efficient building design parameters through literature review and to
examine new houses in accordance with these parameters. The results indicate that the new building production
process was developed to adapt in form to traditional houses whose relationship with the environment was found
to be successful but remained weak in its relationship with environmental sustainability principles. In today's
context, where environmental sustainability studies are accelerating, it is crucial to reveal the characteristics of the
relationship between traditional buildings and new buildings with the environment on the same site.

Aligning the New Work Environment With OECD Goal 8: Design for A Global Automobile Brand

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper explores the economic sustainability of new work environments by examining how interior design strategies
contribute to the OECD's Sustainable Development Goal 8 for decent work and economic growth. SDG 8 aims to
promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic development, as well as full and productive employment. In
pilot study, 46 employees of the brand are interviewed across nine sessions, encompassing focus groups and one-onone interactions. Using content analysis, this data is analysed qualitatively to interpret patterns related to spatial
politics, timing politics, and hybrid working culture of the new work environment. Identified patterns include
individually focused tasks, virtual collaboration, agile working, socialization, and urban interaction. These patterns are
then traced from the conceptual design crafted for the brand and finally discussed in terms of their alignment with
SDG 8.2 (diversify, innovate and upgrade for economic productivity), 8.4 (improve resource efficiency in consumption
and production), 8.8 (Protect labour rights and promote safe and secure working environments for all workers).

Assessment of Knowledge and Fire Safety Preparedness among Employees at Shopping Malls in Lusaka District

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Fire disasters in public buildings continue to raise major concerns about the safety of individuals who occupy these
buildings, as well as the customers. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and fire safety
preparedness among employees of shopping malls in Lusaka district. This study employed cross sectional descriptive
design, with quantitative methods. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire from 83 respondents
(employees) who were purposively sampled from six shopping malls in Lusaka. Collected data was analysed using
descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that employees’ levels of knowledge on fire safety preparedness is low.
Further, that there is low or lack of implementation of practices aimed at ensuring fire safety. The study therefore,
recommends that employees in public buildings be trained on how to ensure fire safety and appropriate responses in
case of fire. Moreso, fire safety plans should always be displayed to the public.

Urban Metamorphosis: Enhancing Imageability through Vertical Hybrids

B.Arch. Student Ananya Gehlot, B.Arch. Student Arham Jain — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

To create a vertical ecosystem of hybrid urban forms to enhance imageability. This paper proposes a transformative
approach to elevate the imageability of cities through a fusion of innovative urban forms, vertical ecosystems, and
sustainability principles. Drawing inspiration from theories of vertical urbanism and universal design, the research
emphasizes the strategic utilization of vertical space to optimize land use in densely populated areas. The approach
strategically suggests constructing new high-rises on existing risk-prone structures slated for demolition. The design
incorporates an elevated green area functioning as a recreational zone, fostering a healthier and more sustainable urban
environment. The paper emphasizes Transit-Oriented Development in the design process, aiming to integrate public
transportation with urban development to reduce private vehicle dependency, promote sustainable mobility, and enhance
accessibility. The objective is to craft a dynamic urban experience that encourages connectivity and a sense of belonging
within the existing fabric.

Comparative Performance Analysis of Türkiye's Land Management System Using SWOT Analysis Method

Dr. Hicret Gürsoy Sürmeneli — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

With sustainability and digitalization, countries are urgently conducting technical studies as well as legal and economic
studies in land management. In this study, land management models developed by 12 countries with different land
management systems were analyzed according to the qualitative research method. The data obtained by the selected
countries have been examined under these headings: land management, registered data, legal side, technical
institutions, digitalization studies and technical models. Comparison tables of the countries were created under the
determined headings. In addition, a comparison table was created by examining the land management data models
developed by the countries. The performance analysis of the land management studies in Türkiye (In terms of Planning,
Cadastre, Land Infrastructure, Real Estate Valuation) has been made by using the SWOT Analysis method of evaluation
of these countries. The strengths and weaknesses of Türkiye's land management system were evaluated as a result of
the analysis.

Mitigating the Impact of Urban Sprawl: Strategies and Solutions

Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Gerd Wetzel — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper explores the challenges cities face when dealing with urban sprawl and the strategies that can be
implemented to mitigate its impact. The importance of preserving cultural spaces and making the most of
available land potential is emphasized. The paper discusses various strategies, such as redeveloping industrial
areas and former military sites, retrofitting existing structures for mixed-use developments, and promoting
sustainable urban growth. The need using the already existing urban planning expertise and awareness among
decision-makers is highlighted. The key focus areas of the paper include urbanization, urban sprawl, brownfield
redevelopment, grey energy, and sustainability. Overall, by implementing these strategies, cities can protect the
environment, preserve open spaces, and achieve sustainable urban development.

Social and Economic Effects of Different Urban Renewal Projects on the Surrounding Settlements: An Evaluation on Bursa Küplüpınar Neighborhood

Şehir Plancısı İlkem Güler, Doç. Dr. Gökçen Kılınç Ürkmez — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Today, many cities are experiencing transformation as a result of the chaotic structure brought about by growth. It is the physical, social, and economic inadequacies that accelerate/trigger the transformation and make it inevitable. This urban decay, defined as obsolescence, can occur not only due to spatial growth but also as a result of fragmentary and unrelated plan decisions. In this study, the aim is to reveal the physical deterioration processes that emerged in the Küplüpınar neighborhood, which is located in the center of Bursa and in the grip of a region that was transformed with different types of urban renewal projects after 2000. Also, the effects of the transformation expectation created by these processes on the identity and social structure of the region is determined. In this context, surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted with individuals who live in the neighborhood or have lived there in the past years. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS software. In conclusion, it has been determined that the renewal projects carried out in a fragmented manner create an expectation of transformation in the surrounding settlements. Over time, this expectation leads to decrepitude, population loss, weakening of identity and neighborhood relations, and the formation.

Characterizing Two Types of Urban Air and Surface Heat Island according to Urban Design -Case of Casablanca Neighborhoods-

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The urban heat island (UHI) is a recognized signature of the urban climate, however beyond this characterization; it is
still a relevant phenomenon to study in urban design. In this paper, we seek to characterize UHI in differing urban
forms, comparing air and surface temperatures to characterize Air UHI (AUHI) and Surface UHI (SUHI) respectively.
The analysis site corresponds to the districts of Casablanca, Morocco's largest city, covering coastal and central
neighborhoods with different urban planning styles. We used land surface temperatures (LST) from the Landsat-8
satellite and both observed and simulated air temperatures from the Copernicus reanalysis. We argue that LST is
always higher than air temperature and that there is a shift between SUHI and AUHI that we have quantified for
daytime and nighttime monitoring. We also concluded that UHI depends on four criteria: location, land use, building
height, and road width.

Historical Foundations to Modern Innovations of Urban Village

Ph.D. Student Derrick Mirindi, Ph.D. Candidate Fatemeh Yazdandoust — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In recent decades, the importance of historical villages has been widely acknowledged because of their aesthetic and
ecological contributions. Additionally, they have the potential to promote local socioeconomic growth through heritage
valorization. The urban village concept, essential for sustainable urban development, has evolved significantly from its
traditional village origins. It is based on historical sustainability practices, which include environmental, social, and economic
dimensions. Over time, this concept has been reinterpreted into modern urban planning, primarily focusing on
developments. This research examines urban villages' historical evolution, modern transformation, and their important role
in current urban development. It analyzes the sustainability aspects of historic villages, their transition into modern urban
villages, the distinct spatial and organizational shifts in contemporary contexts, and the essential design principles for today's
urban community design. Furthermore, integrating advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart
grids in urban villages, exemplified by Kelvin Grove and Seattle projects in Australia and United States respectively, has
revolutionized resource management and energy efficiency, further aligning the urban village concept with contemporary
sustainability goals. This study emphasizes the growing relevance of the urban model village in promoting sustainable urban
communities.

Re-Imagining High-Density Mixed-Use Streets

Ph.D.Candidate Somi Sareen, Assistant Prof. Dr. Mazharul Haque — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper analyses the essential role of mixed-use streets in contemporary cities and addresses their inherent
issues. The study highlights the national policy focus on mixed-use streets, which can improve sustainability,
economic development, social integration, and quality of life. Due to divided responsibilities, traffic prioritization,
and changes in the commercial sector, mixed-use streets are sometimes neglected. The study reviews mixed-use
street patterns in Okhla, an unplanned, high-density area; examining how population density and urban activities
affect streets, focusing on its imprecise definition and seeming popularity. An extensive case study reveals the lack
of specific zoning standards, poor planning provisions, and low network density along with traffic congestion, space
encroachment, and a lack of public spaces. The author proposes merging multivariable densities and using network
density to portray urban structure. The findings contribute to sustainable urban development discussions and help
policymakers and planners improve mixed-use spaces' livability and functionality.

Breaking Barriers, Building Bridges: Towards Inclusive and Resilient Cities through Social Diversity and Participation

M.A. Nour Alkhayat, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Göksenin İnalhan — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In a world facing displacement, violent conflicts, climate change, and urban sprawl, urban settings are plagued by
inequality, poverty, injustice, and racial and class divisions. These divisions exacerbate violence, crime, and racism. As
urban planners, it is crucial to recognize and develop solutions for present and emerging challenges. Evaluating diverse
social activities with stakeholder participation is essential for fulfilling public interests. This study aims to identify best
practices for socially sustainable urban environments by leveraging urban diversity and social participation. By
envisioning inclusive, resilient, and socially sustainable cities, this research investigates participatory urban design
through case studies of social-diversity-focused projects worldwide. The methodology includes selecting case studies
based on criteria like geographical representation and levels of community engagement. The objective is to derive
implementable recommendations for creating inclusive, resilient, and socially sustainable urban environments by
analyzing the impact of social diversity and participation on urban resilience.

Supporting Sustainability of City Coastlines with Multi-Criteria Analysis Approach

Asst. Prof. PhD. Filiz Çetinkaya Karafakı, Asst. Prof. PhD. Çiğdem Çetin — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

City coastlines are places that enhance the wellbeing of citizens, promote sociality and enhance the city's aesthetic and
quality of life due to the variety of activities, visuality and air supplement. It also contributes to urban sustainability with all
these aspects. (The Gonzales et al., 2023) study's multi-criteria analysis approach was applied to evaluate how sustainable
urban coastlines are. The study covered two primary aspects of sustainability. These elements include the social activities
and the environmental features of the coastal districts. With this method, it is aimed to reveal the daily use of the Karşıyaka
Coastline and to examine the impact of these activities on the sustainability of there. Through the method, the contribution
of city coastlines to the quality of urban life and city sustainability can be revealed with numerical data and it is expected
to guide in the site selection, design and implementation stages of new planning.

Investigation of the Effects of Disasters on the Development of Urban Form

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Cities are in a dynamic structure that is in a constant process of change and transformation. In the process of change
and transformation, while cities grow by developing in various ways, their morphological structures also change. In
this process, various natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, and flood, etc.) affect the changes in the cities and shape
the morphology of the cities to a great extent. Especially natural disasters that occur in urban centers can cause
sudden changes in the development of urban forms. This study, it is aimed to examine the spatial developments of
disaster cities and the effects of morphological changes at the macro form level on the physical form of cities. Those
affected by earthquakes, one of the most experienced natural disasters in Turkey, and urban settlements whose
centers are desired to be changed; Erzincan, Sakarya-Adapazarı, Ağrı-Doğubeyazıt, Denizli, and Düzce provinces were
chosen as typical case examples. Within the scope of the study; urban morphology was considered as a method
aiming to analyze the changes that a city or part of the city had undergone formally, and the urban development
patterns of the sample cities were examined by choosing the intervention scale city form in the city morphology.

Towards Rethinking Sustainable Development in Architectural and Urban Planning Education A Comparative Study of Literature Reviews and the Tunisian Context

Ph.D. candidate Khansa Dhaouadi, Prof. Dr. Pierre Leclercq — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The growing global focus on dealing with contemporary challenges by incorporating sustainability in the built
environment is a worldwide concern. This situation becomes more urgent when it comes to rethinking Architectural
and Urban Planning Education in Tunisia, which highlights existing gaps. The research methodology involves first
analyzing international initiatives and case studies at different scales of architectural education. Then, this literature
review is followed by (online) interviews with educators from renowned academic institutions around the world to
explore in depth their innovative experiences in promoting sustainability issues. Through this approach, we don’t only
identify the knowledge and methods emphasized in these leading programs but also compare how they align with or
have to be adapted to address Tunisia's specific socio-cultural and environmental context. The findings contribute to
the ongoing discourse on sustainability education and seek to provide recommendations and insights for the
adaptability of these programs in the local context.

Visual Analysis of Picturesque Urban Landscape Case of Sultanahmet, Istanbul

SAIDU Dalhat Dansadau, Prof. Dr. Aykut KARAMAN — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The integration of photography into architecture was a pivotal point in the journey of architectural representation,
photography proved itself useful for the betterment of architecture early on, as well as establish itself as a necessary
tool in the realm of architecture, from the early interactions of Le Corbusier and photography to the emergence of
early architectural photographers such as Ackerman J.S., Shulman J, this thesis explores the evolution of architectural
photography and draws parallels between architecture, photography and urban design specifically addressing
perception. The main study this paper was extracted from looked into the inquiry of knowing "What are the key
picturesque locations/structures in Sultanahmet, Fatih – Istanbul, and how can their spatial distribution, and cultural
significance be characterized and mapped for urban design and development?" as well as the secondary objective, of
which this paper focuses on, is to “Investigate the role of perception in urban environments and how photography
serves as a tool for capturing and conveying the perception of Sultanahmet's picturesque structures/locations”. The
study achieved these objectives by utilizing methodologies such as geo-tagged photography, sequential photography,
social media metadata extraction, GIS mapping, spatial analysis, and visual analysis focusing on the historically rich
and culturally significant study area.

Sustainable and Safe Public Spaces for Everyday Life in Socio-Spatially Segregated Communities

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

How es Item possible to achieve a conceptual relationship between sustainability , security and public space in sociospatially segregated areas? The article aims to address the main theoretical positions on the topic of sustainability
linked to environmental safety in public spaces in such a way that Item seeks to glimpse and mitigate que these new
spaces conditions are that influence the safety of neighborhoods and cities on a metropolitan scale . Starting from a
critical /reflective stance and through documentary analysis , the aim es to establish a semantic network , as well as a
cloud of words to determine the level of concurrence in this way to establish que relationship exists or does not exists
between sustainability , security and public space in socially segregated areas , especially , this article is a documentary
and exploratory document that allows us to clarify the problems present at metropolitan scales in Latin America .

Public Space in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey. Analyzing Parks: El Capitán, Clouthier, and La Silla

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Urban parks have a significant impact on citizens' daily lives. Parks have become a visual attraction within the city, creating
opportunities for cultural enrichment and promoting diversity in social activities. It is well known that cities worldwide
have parks of different scales, with various urban equipment and functions. The present study was developed in
Monterrey, México, where three different types of urban parks and their future projection were analyzed and compared.
The article explores the sectors currently operating in these public spaces and which are best received by users. To this
end, surveys were carried out, and direct users were asked about the frequency of use of the parks. This methodology
allowed us to map the busiest places and make suggestions for the 2030 master plan of the municipalities. For the study,
the parks selected were Río la Silla, Capitán, and Clouthier. The aim was to observe and document the effect that each of
them has on the daily dynamics of Monterrey's public space.

Assessing the Impacts of land Use Change on Carbon Sequestration: A Comprehensive Analysis for Kochi City, India

Mr. Thomas Mathew, Dr. Shanmuga Priya Gnanasekaran — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Land use typologies play a pivotal role in determining the carbon sequestration capacity of urban ecosystems. As
human activities continue to reshape landscapes, understanding the impact of different land uses on carbon storage
is crucial for developing effective climate change mitigation strategies for cities. This paper aims to analyse the
relationship between land use typologies and carbon sequestration. Carbon sequestered in the selected city i.e., Kochi
is quantified using the InVEST Carbon Storage and Sequestration model (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services
and Tradeoffs), coupled with remote sensing. The model uses input data on carbon pools including above-ground,
below-ground, soil biomass, and dead carbon matter. The change in carbon sequestration with change in land use
between 2003 and 2023 is calculated. The study reveals that there has been a reduction in wetland areas by 59 %
which leads to 63% less sequestration of carbon highlighting the implication of land use on carbon sequestration.

The Transition To Artificial Intelligence -Based Solutions For Improving Energy Efficiency In Urban Environments

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The urban landscape is rapidly evolving towards sustainable, energy-efficient practices, thanks in large part to the
integration of artificial intelligence (AI) solutions. This study explores the dynamic transition to AI-based
technologies for improving energy efficiency in urban environments. AI is emerging as a powerful tool for
optimizing energy consumption, streamlining infrastructure operations and fostering smart, resilient urban
ecosystems. The study examines various applications of AI, highlighting the essential role advanced technologies
play in revolutionizing conventional approaches to urban energy management, and illustrating how these
technologies can contribute to the creation of self-sufficient urban spaces. It examines the implementation of AIbased energy networks, smart energy storage solutions and the integration of renewable energy into urban
planning, and also looks at the potential challenges and ethical considerations associated with its adoption. It
addresses issues such as data privacy, algorithmic biases and the need for transparent decision-making processes.
This research is a literature review that aims to contribute to the current discourse on creating smart, energyefficient cities.

Mitigating the Effects of Infrastructure Development on the Environment

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Infrastructure is closely linked to socio-economic development and research based on historical data has shown a
significant positive association between economic growth and infrastructure in the long run. Infrastructure
developments come with a range of social and economic benefits, however, it is not a panacea without side effects,
having a range of negative effects on the environment owing to the fact that it is embedded in the natural system.
Using the deductive approach to qualitative analysis, an extensive review of the literature was conducted. The
research determines several factors that can be considered in mitigating the adverse effects of infrastructure
development on the environment such as the use of green building and low-carbon infrastructure, sustainable
building practices, renewable energy, waste management during construction and environmental legislation.
Decision-making should therefore be guided by these factors established and incorporated into public policies
necessary to promote sustainable economic development and environmental protection.

Landmarks to Lived experiences: A comparative study of Bahrain World Trade Center and Bahrain Bay Towers

Kavithasree Suvarna, Prof. Najla Allani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The potential reverberation of urban development on the cityscape through its building functions and heights
generates a skyline, creating an aesthetic geographical pattern. Some have a tagline of being iconic, while others strive
to attain it. The term 'iconic' is an emblem of expression, a mixture of traditional and contemporary design, and,
foremost, the city's oldest superstructure. Bahrain has been fast progressing, exemplified by its wonderous skylines
and a blend from old to new. Bahrain World Trade Centre is one of its so-called 'iconic' and has won many awards
around the globe for its sustainability aspect, while others are popping out of the datum, one of them is the
contemporary Bahrain Bay Towers, with a pride of being the tallest building in the skyline of Manama. This study
conducts pilot research comparing two superstructures, focusing on the perceptions and sensory experiences of
people living among them.

Determining the Effectiveness of Green Building Certifications in Terms of Impacts on Sustainability: a Case Study from Australia

B Eng (Hons) Student Mark Dino Vaccher, Dr. M. Ashiqur Rahman — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Green building is a process of designing a structure in a way that its lifecycle, use, construction, and demolition are all
included in the project, so that all areas of sustainability are balanced and maintained. This research on Green Building
Certifications focuses on assessing the impact of green buildings over non-green buildings and thus to understand its effectiveness on overall sustainability. The research uses data from two selected States in Australia, namely Victoria and New South Wales (NSW). Both primary and secondary data were used to understand the impact of green building certifications through comparative, descriptive and inferential analysis.These results demonstrated a 54% increase in meeting environmental standards; 57% and 66% in saving of water per m2 of the floor area of the buildings in NSW and Victoria, respectively; as well as up to 85% decrease in energy use between green buildings compared to non-green buildings over a 12-year span.

Urban Market Metamorphosis: A visionary Design for Community Engagement

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The city of Delhi transcends time, a harmony of rich history and pulsating contemporary life, unfolding its narrative as
the very extension of people’s souls. The heart of Delhi are its markets, bridges connecting diverse cultures through
changing times. The markets allow people to become threads of a communal fabric, knitting tales of shared
experiences. Prioritizing community input through interviews and site studies establishes a clear understanding of
local desires. The visionary urban market design titled “Mehfil” creates versatile spaces, incorporating traditional roles
to meet the city’s diverse needs. The market is a fusion of enchanting urban design and romantic allure, blending
modern functionality with local culture. Aiming for social engagement and economic growth , the market features a
plethora of spaces hosting varied activities. Through multi-functional spaces, charming pathways, green spaces and
courtyards, artistic murals and intricately decorated facades, “Mehfil” turns every visit into a celebration.

Visual Impact of High-Rise Buildings on the Surrounding Environment: A Case Study in Northern Cyprus

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

High-rise buildings represent modernity and economic power. Nevertheless, their abnormal scale and presence can
alter and define the identity of the city. On the island of Cyprus, with its unique history and modern aspirations, lowrise buildings are considered the predominant type of construction due to the country's social and cultural nature.
Therefore, the existence of those buildings puts the city at a disadvantage in having new high-rise buildings, which can
change the country's identity and culture. The construction of multiple high-rise buildings can be observed in different
parts of Nicosia. Through this study, we will focus on one particular building. We will analyse how that building affects
the skyline of the city, its visual impact, and shadow casting. The results showed a clear impact on the city's image and
visibility across different locations in the city. Due to the location of the building, the shadow impact is limited to a few
areas near the building.

Bridging the Gap in Traffic Safety via SWOT and TOWS Analysis within QSPM Framework

MSc. Sakariye Adam Farah, Asst. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Alas — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The main focus of the current study is to enhance traffic safety policies by utilizing SWOT and TOWS analyses and to
gain a comprehensive understanding of the challenges within traffic safety management systems. The authors have
assessed several safety measures by utilizing the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix. This methodology combined
expert evaluations with a methodical investigation to determine the best ways to improve traffic safety. According to
the QSPM result, the application of sophisticated technologies in infrastructure (S6-T4), with a score of 5.88, is ranked
second, behind traffic law enforcement (S1-O6), which has the highest score of 6.51. On the W2-T3 scale, the harmful
consequences of inadequate access to public transportation on the usage of private vehicles received the lowest rating
of 3.98. The study's findings are significant because urban planners and legislators can use them to determine which
traffic safety interventions should be prioritized.

Kıyı Alanlarındaki Kentsel Müdahalelerin Davranış Kalıbı Teorisi Kapsamında İncelenmesi: Antalya Konyaaltı Örneği

Arş. Gör. Zeynep Ceren Durgut, Arş. Gör. Merve Artkan — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Kentsel akupunktur, kentin belirli noktalarında yapılan müdahalelerle kamusal alanlar yaratmayı ve kenti
canlandırmayı hedefleyen bir tasarım yaklaşımıdır. Hızlı ve noktasal müdahalelere karşılık gelen bu yaklaşım,
uygulandığı alanda iyileşme, gelişme ve pozitif zincirleme reaksiyonların gerçekleşmesini sağlar. Çalışma kapsamında,
kente ait karakteristik birer kenar/sınır öğesi oluşturması, farklı dokulardaki deniz ve kara alanları arasındaki geçişi
tanımlaması ve kendine özgü bir kentsel kamusallık üretmesi açısından potansiyeli yüksek olan kıyı alanlarına
odaklanılmıştır. Çalışmada amaçlanan, kıyı alanlarına yapılan müdahaleler ve sonuçlarını, davranış kalıbı teorisi
çerçevesinde irdelemektir. Bu irdeleme, Antalya Konyaaltı kıyı kesitlerinin değişimi üzerinden, fiziksel mekân ve
eylem örüntüleri arasındaki ilişki incelenerek yapılmıştır. Eski ve yeni kıyı kesitleri karşılaştırılarak yapılan
müdahaleler belirlenmiş, bunların fiziksel mekandaki ve mekân kullanımındaki karşılıkları sistematik gözlemler
yapılarak saptanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler bir tabloda neden-sonuç ilişkisi bağlamında değerlendirilmiş, gelecek
uygulamalar için kentsel müdahale yöntemleri tartışmaya açılmıştır.

Transformation of A Sustainable City Using Object-Oriented Techniques for Urban Green Space Planning – A Case Study of Lusaka City

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Effective land resource management and sustainable development, particularly in urban green spaces, rely on strategic
land planning and mapping techniques such as Remote Sensing. This study utilises object-based classification techniques,
employing Google Earth Engine and Quantum Geographic Information Systems (QGIS), to examine Lusaka City's green
space encroachment. Findings reveal a 59% increase in built-up areas towards the north-east direction and a 2% decline
in green spaces towards the south-east part of Lusaka. The implications are significant, highlighting the urgent need for
intervention to preserve the city's environmental balance. Immediate action is essential, requiring rigorous regulations,
community engagement, and stakeholder collaboration. Furthermore, the study underscores the critical role of remote
sensing in monitoring urban green spaces and identifying sustainability threats, emphasising the importance of prioritising
the protection and improvement of green spaces through comprehensive land use planning and land use land cover
mapping through the use of object-based classification techniques.

Urban Marginalities Throughout History

Dr Besma Bouteche, Dr Hocine Bougdah — Tue, 30 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Throughout history, cities have been hubs for the development of new philosophical, cultural, political, economic, and
technological ideas, thereby enhancing the quality of life for their inhabitants. However, the concentration of populations
and activities in cities coupled with other socio-economic and political factors have engendered significant challenges,
affecting vulnerable social groups in particular, and giving rise to urban marginalities. This study explores the historical
trajectory of urban marginalities in Western cities. It examines their diverse manifestations from antiquity to the present
day. This is carried out using a historical approach and focusing on three pivotal aspects that mark the evolutionary
expansion of the Western city. It looks into how the physical drivers for the development of the city can give rise to its
physical and social impact, which urban marginalities are part of. The research aims to elucidate the multifaceted
mechanisms underlying the emergence of urban marginalities, and the many forms under which they manifested
themselves since ancient times. Such research highlights the importance of understanding the historical context of cities
when addressing their contemporary urban challenges.

A Comparative Study of Topic Modelling Approaches for User-generated Point of Interest Data

Ph.D. Candidate Ravi Satyappa Dabbanavar, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Arindam Biswas — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to enhance urban planning and management by harnessing the power of machine learning (ML) and
big data. We focus on Urban Functional Zones (UFZs), the fundamental units for human socio-economic activities. Our
methodology involves compiling Point of Interest (POI) data from various sources for comprehensive analysis. We
employ various topic modeling approaches such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), Latent Semantic Index (LSI),
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process (HDP), and Top2Vec. Our principal results reveal significant differences in the
performance and coherence of these models on short text documents. Consequently, our major conclusion is
identifying the better-performing topic model for classifying UFZs from POI data. We also explore four text
preprocessing steps to optimize the performance of the topic models. This study contributes to the field by providing
a nuanced understanding of UFZs, paving the way for future data-driven urban planning and management.

Unveiling Urban Health Resilience in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic PRISMA Exploration of Key Parameters and Strategies

PhD. Candidate BOUDJEMA Sara, Dr. BOUKARTA Soufiane, Dr. Hourakhsh Ahmad Nia — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Urban health resilience is vital for cities, particularly during public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic. It
represents a city's capacity to anticipate, respond to, and recover from challenges across environmental, social,
and health-related domains. This study presents a systematic review of the literature concerning urban health
resilience, with a specific focus on identifying key parameters impacting urban health during the COVID-19
pandemic. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)
methodology, this research conducts an in-depth review of the literature from the year 2019. systematically
evaluating studies discussing urban health resilience in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic in metropolitan areas.
The study findings provide valuable insights by highlighting the connection between urban parameters related to
urban form and the transmission of COVID-19, a recent pandemic. To reduce virus transmission during public
health crises, cities must implement effective measures across various aspects, including cultural, spatial,
ecological, and infrastructural factors. The article emphasizes the importance of strategic urban planning and
response measures to enhance resilience against pandemics.

Social Acceptance of Innovative Water Technologies as a Development and Design Norm in North Cyprus

Ph.D. Candidate Behnoosh Boldaji, Prof. Dr. Shahin Keynoush — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper addresses the necessary innovative methods for water production and harvesting as a design norm,
especially in areas that are facing water shortages both now and in the long term, an example of which is Northern
Cyprus Amidst projections forecasting that half of the global populace may confront water scarcity by 2025, and an
estimated 700 million individuals could face displacement due to water scarcity by 2030, the imperative to diversify
water-sourcing mechanisms becomes paramount. This paper scrutinizes the intricate challenges engendered by the
island's climatic peculiarities and constricted land resources, underscoring the imperative of formulating sustainable
water management paradigms. It synthesizes extant scholarship on water management in North Cyprus, focusing on
participatory design methodologies and their ramifications on the societal embracement of novel water technologies.
Environmental determinants such as climatic conditions and human factors such as social behavioral patterns and
infrastructure maintenance are factors that have a direct impact on the analysis of water management in multifaceted
dimensions. In addition, attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control are effective in social acceptance of
renewable energy projects in general and, in this paper, innovative water projects. Participatory design in a special
way causes the community to participate receive support.

Parklets As Public Space

Ph.D. Elif KORKMAZ — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The unpredictable increase in the number of motor vehicles and the population due to changes in the urban structure has
revealed the need for new public areas, recreation and social contact points for pedestrians, especially in city centers.
Parklet designs, can be installed modularly on the one or more car parking area, are carried out in order to calm traffic, to
ensure pedestrian safety, and to create public spaces. For this purpose, within the scope of the study, public space and the process of change are revealed, and parklets designed with urban equipment elements (street furniture) to meet various public needs, especially in city centers, are examined through examples from our country (Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality example) and the world. As a result, parklet designs, which are designed in a modular structure and allow alternative designs in different regions, include innovative approaches to publicity for Istanbul and all our other cities.

The Role of the Characteristics of Urban Furniture and Equipment on the Quality of the Public Space of the Pedestrian Zone

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Public spaces are complex structures that contain numerous elements formed by various influential forces such
as social relations, spatial elements, contemporary tendencies of city life and many others. The quality of the city's
public space determines the frequency of its use, the concentration of content and the intensity of the experience
that a place will have on its users. The paper describes the results of research that indicate the influence of the
characteristics of urban furniture and equipment as architectural and urban planning elements on the quality of
public spaces in the city center. The systematization of the results of the comparative analysis of theoretical
positions helped to form three groups of characteristics of architectural-urban elements: spatial, physicomorphological and functional. Through the conducted survey, the opinion of users of the pedestrian zone of Novi
Sad was investigated regarding the importance of the researched group of public space elements on their
experience of the place.

Assessing the Degree of Publicness in Streets

Adjunct Associate Prof. Sandeep Paul — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Streets have always been a vital source of public life in Indian cities. The advent of virtual technologies and changing
urban realities, have impacted its publicness and activation. Additionally, increasing degree of publicness in privately
owned public spaces poses significant reduction in street life. Hence, it is important to assess the street qualities which
contribute to public life. The physical, non-physical and metaphysical qualities of street assessments will bring out the
essential qualities of streets that contribute to public life in contemporary streets. This paper enquires socio-cultural
and sensory aspects of street life. It would assess parameters that contribute or contradict the degree of publicness.
The study would discuss and build assessments from Vikas Mehta, William H. Whyte, Henry Lefebvre and Jan Gehl’s
theories and perspectives. This research would build a critical enquiry about temporality and everyday urbanism and
contribute to the discussions on placemaking and tactical urbanism strategies.

Plastic Sand Bricks as an Alternative Sustainable Building Material: Panacea to Affordable Housing for Low Income in Nigeria

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Housing shortages are one of the key issues in Nigeria, low-income earners are disproportionately affected. The
majority of the low cost housing designed for this population is out of reach because of high cost of construction
materials, among other things. This study examined bricks made of plastic sand as a substitute for building materials.
A questionnaire was used to gather data for the study utilizing both quantitative and qualitative methodologies. A
total of 169 questionnaires were systematically disseminated to professionals in the built environment to acquire
their opinions on the sustainability principles and the idea of plastic sand brick. The information gathered was then
analyzed using tables and percentages. The study's findings indicate that the majority of respondents 40.5% and
16.0%, respectively strongly agree and agree that the material will address Nigeria's housing predicament, while only
8.0% and 5.5%, respectively, strongly disagree and disagree. 30% remain neutral. The study recommends, among
other things, that Nigeria's government at all levels establish a domestic technology-driven economy, especially in
the area of alternative building materials like plastic sand bricks.

The Impact of Land Uses and Circulation External Factors Influencing Action Area Planning AAP Actual and Broader Boundaries

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohamed M. Youssef — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to highlight the importance of identifying the actual and comprehensive boundaries in action area
planning AAP (broader AAP Boundaries), the larger the importance of the AAP the larger the external influences on
the Spatial Planning process and methodology. Projects such as River Nile Waterfront Action Area Planning involve
many parameters to be considered in identifying the impact of external factors that influence the actual process of
Waterfront Spatial planning, the research discussing these factors to rationalize such process. The research’s main
results such as movement circulation, densities, activities and land uses in the broader boundaries represent
important factors to be considered in spatial urban planning of action areas’ formulation, to vitalize the efficiency
and effectiveness of planning goals. The research methodology determines the theoretical external factors
influencing AAP boundaries and then reflects the theoretical framework on a case study concerning the spatial
planning of Cairo’s River Nile Waterfront District.

Developing Urban Design Guidelines for Creating Sustainable Healthy Neighbourhoods

M.Arch Candidate Aparna B Raj, Dr. Manoj Kini, Prof. Roshini K V — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The research focuses on community engagement and environmentally friendly methods in the creation of healthy
neighbourhoods. Public health issues, environmental degradation, and social inequality are on the rise in urban areas
as a result of rapid urbanization. A possible solution to these problems is a growing understanding of the role that
good urban design can play in improving people's health and happiness. In order to identify important ideas and
strategies for making healthy built environments, this study examines case studies of successful healthy communities
from all over the globe, such as Medellin, Colombia; Vauban, Freiburg, Germany; and Copenhagen, Denmark, among
others. In order to build healthier, more sustainable communities, the research presents a set of thorough
recommendations based on public health research, stakeholder participation, and urban design ideas. In order to
promote social inclusion, preservation of the environment, and equal access to resources, the standards include a
wide range of topics related to urban planning, such as connectivity, the supply of green space, mixed land use, and
community participation. By drawing from a variety of research fields, this research builds to what is already known
about healthy neighbourhoods, vibrant neighbourhoods that all individuals can be a part of.

Analysing the Landscape Aesthetics in the Urban Context of the Kingdom of Bahrain

Part-time Lecturer Huma Mohammad Khan, Part-time Lecturer Dana Alkhan — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Urban development in the Kingdom of Bahrain has been a rapid phenomenon. To overcome the urban challenges
and progress in an effective manner, the Kingdom of Bahrain has undertaken several measures for sustainable
development. Landscape aesthetics plays a vital role in achieving urban sustainability and affects human perception
and behavior in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The residents of the Kingdom of Bahrain have predominantly enjoyed beach
fronts due to its geographical location. However, recent urbanisation has resulted in the development of design
elements that are not associated with the sea. This research aims to analyse the change in landscape aesthetics due
to urbanisation and the impact of social and cultural factors on it. The methodology adopted in this research includes
site visits, documentation, and surveys. The study contributes to understanding the changing landscape aesthetics
in the Kingdom of Bahrain. It analyses the effect of social and cultural factors on the changing landscape aesthetics
in the Kingdom.

Urban Agriculture in Times of Crises: A Review

Asst. Prof. Dr. Ehsan Daneshyar — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Urban agriculture has been utilized as a temporary and long-term solution concerning food security issues across
various regions and cities throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Urban agriculture has enabled urban dwellers to
cultivate food within available urban spaces, and by doing that, it has enhanced their access to fresh local food. This
article reviews four different scenarios—global conflict, economic decline, political instability, and post-conflict
times—and explores various ways in which urban agriculture has been adopted in each of them. In order to gather
data, a literature review was conducted, and relevant research articles, books, and theses were reviewed. In summary,
this research demonstrates that during times of crises, such as global conflicts, economic decline, political instability,
and post-conflict times, urban agriculture empowered urban dwellers to cultivate food. By doing so, it positively
contributed to urban food resilience and sustainable urban development by enhancing urban dwellers’s access to
affordable local food.

Urban Flood Modelling: A Geospatial Evaluation of Drainage Systems for Resilient City Planning in Lusaka

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study presents a flood modelling approach aimed at enhancing planning strategies to mitigate flooding impacts in Lusaka
City. By integrating factors such as slope, hydrostatic potential surface, and the built environment, a predictive flood model
was developed. The methodology involved using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques and digital elevation
models (DEMs) to assess geological features and manmade structures. Precipitation patterns and water demand analyses
aided in computing a hydrostatic potential surface through watershed delineation. The generated flood model produced
comprehensive flood maps illustrating water drainage in Lusaka, identifying vulnerable areas using Multi-Criteria Decision
Analysis (MCDA) techniques. Results highlight the complex interaction between geographical features and human
infrastructure in flood dynamics. This study contributes to informing zoning policies and disaster response planning, aiming
to reduce the impact of future flooding events.

Analyzing the Sablettes Promenade's User Satisfaction in Algiers to Improve the Quality of Coastal Promenades in Algeria

Dr. Nada HANNOUFA, Dr. Wissam TOUBAL, Pr Djamel ALKAMA — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

One of the most interesting achievements of Algiers Bay nowadays is the Sablettes Promenade, which was developed
according to a strategic plan for 2031-2035. It has a lot of features and amenities that have drawn a wide range of
people, but there are many negative factors influencing the experience of its users. The aim of this study was to explore
users'perceptions by analyzing their satisfaction using a post-occupancy evaluation survey, executed with a sample of
271 users, and the results were processed with SPSS Statistics version 26. The results clearly showed the level of users’
satisfaction with the following criteria: economy of use, management, attractiveness, safety and security, mobility,
accessibility, urban ambience, urban composition, arrangements, and environmental quality, while detecting factors
that could improve user satisfaction in each criterion. This enabled us to extract characteristics for the design and
development of future urban coastal promenades in Algeria.

Green Infrastructure in Urban Settings: Bringing Together the Forest and Concrete Jungle

Assistant. Prof. Ar. Arun Kumar Koottharasan Nadar — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Landscape is a crucial part of any breathing space an urban area has. In this research paper, we go through a new way
of looking at landscapes integrating landscape at various levels in the urban fabric integrating vegetation on upper
levels which are accessible by escalators and lifts just like a metro station. Since most of the ground space has already
been utilized the higher levels of urban space will be used for landscaping. these structures will be created of RCC and
modern precast units. where nature will take over and vegetation will be planted. They can be worked out to imitate
forests and agriculture. So there will be no bias between the prehistoric world and the modern concrete jungle. This
will act as an overlap between the natural and manmade world. i.e. it will fall between the living and nonliving. The
importance of research is to guide the traditional practices in a new way of looking at providing landscaping in urban
areas. It will no longer be a monotonous horizon. In some places sky will be visible and in some places it won’t be.
there will be levels to it. Most visibility will be at the higher levels.

Unveiling Urban Vulnerabilities: Analysis of Pedestrian Safety and Experience at 2 No Gate, A Major Arterial Road in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Moumita Roy, Sadia Ibnat Raisa, Tafannum Farnaz — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In developing countries such as Bangladesh, pedestrian safety is a pressing concern due to inadequate infrastructure
and increased vehicular traffic resulting in frequent conflicts between pedestrians and vehicles in urban areas.
Chittagong is the second-largest city in Bangladesh where, in addition to road accidents, pedestrians also encounter
challenges due to the prevalent issue of water clogging caused by the inadequate drainage system. The study aims to
analyze the experience and the multifaceted risks faced by pedestrians in Chittagong which include road safety
concerns as well as the threats during monsoon seasons. The research gathers data leading to twofold investigations
on 2-no. gate area, based on the physical infrastructure and the road users’ behavior using human perception analysis,
an in-depth questionnaire survey, and examining the previously occurring accidents. Analyzing the data, the paper has
attempted to shed light on the major causes and factors of pedestrian accidents in the area and suggested appropriate
guidelines to reduce accidents and enhance pedestrian movement facilities in similar scenarios.

Xylella Fastidiosa and the Non-Landscape of Southern Italy: a European Crisis

Assistant Professor Dr. Phd. Francesco Del Sole — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A bacterium called xylella fastidiosa started to desertify olive trees in Southern Italy, and to date no remedy has been
found to stop the contagion. The European Union has imposed the eradication of every tree that is positive for the
bacterium effectively proposing a desertification of the infected territory without addressing the issue of landscape
protection. Here, an attempt will be made to explain the irrational gesture of many young rebels and peasants not to
apply European decisions by highlighting the essential role that the olive tree plays in the landscape of south Italy,
understood both as a landscape horizon and as a psychic horizon within which the citizen forms and recognises himself.
The paper provide a critical comparison between the literary image handed down by travellers of the past and the
present-day image of a landscape that seems to have lost its identity due to building speculation, the plundering of
the land and a bacterium that has destroyed entire areas.

The Museum Journey: Phenomenological Exploration of User Experience in the Bahrain National Museum

M.A. Avni Durga Hemanth, Prof. Dr. Najla Bent M. Alnaser Allani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The design of museums has significantly evolved over the years, from simple exhibitions of artifacts to immersive and
interactive experiences. This paper explores the pivotal role of architectural phenomenology in shaping visitor’s
experience in museum design. We aim to achieve this goal by adopting a qualitative research approach of the Bahrain
National Museum. The museum is an excellent example of how architectural phenomenology can cater to creating a
space that has meaning beyond its physical dimensions. By analyzing the museum's design elements, we identify key
contributors to the emotional and intellectual engagement of visitors with the museum environment. The findings
reveal that incorporating phenomenology principles has significantly elevated the overall design quality of the museum
and provides visitors with a unique and immersive experience that highlights Bahrain's rich history and cultural
heritage. Ultimately, this knowledge can inform future museum designers and professionals, leading to more effective
and rewarding experiences for museum visitors.

Sustainable Tourism by Promoting the Popular Culture of Hammam as a Tangible and Intangible Heritage Case Study: Damascus City

Ph.D. Scholar Abeer Sanyour, Assis. Prof. Dr. Kumar Abhishek — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The concepts of tourism have varied to take into account sustainability as a comprehensive approach to achieving
goals, Serious attempts also appear to include the concept of tangible and intangible cultural heritage fundamentally
in all sustainability goals and planning levels. This research will present the concepts of tourism within the framework
of sustainability and its most important applied principles, focusing on the popular baths as an element of cultural
heritage, the research started from the gap in the relationship of these Hammams to tourism and culture,While these
Hammams have been achieved in the past societal change through the art and rituals that occur in the popular bath,
they suffer today from neglect, and some of them are closed or abandone . Based on the literature review Which
studied successful examples of Damascus baths, such as the experience of rehabilitating the Ammouneh bath as a
successful project, and Through field observation of the reality of several popular baths , the paper attempts to discuss
the Damascene experience and the role of the popular bath (Hammam) as an authentic cultural heritage in sustainable
tourism in cities and in people.

The Aesthetics of Arabic Calligraphic and Islamic Formations in the Curtain of the Door of Kaaba: A Critical Artistic Study

Dr. Duaa Alashari, Prof .Dr. Abdelaziz Berghout — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Kaaba's covering carries inherited aesthetics with an ancient historical and cultural character. The curtain for the
door of the Holy Kaaba is an integral part of the design of the Kiswa of the Holy Kaaba, as it covers the door of the Holy
Kaaba. The door curtain of the Holy Kaaba is considered an immortal and unique Islamic artistic painting in terms of
the uniqueness of its design. Therefore, this study aims to apply the Western theory of art criticism (Feldman) to Arabic
calligraphy and the calligraphic formations embodied in the curtain of the door of the Holy Kaaba to demonstrate
aesthetic and artistic design values. The approach followed in this study is Feldman's approach to art criticism.
Feldman's methodology is considered a systematic and integrated critical methodology for describing and analyzing
artworks. In addition, this methodology enhances the aesthetic experience to understand art, its dimensions and
value. The tool used in the study is observation. The study population consists of linear and decorative units with
multiple styles. The study concluded that the curtain of the door of the Holy Kaaba is characterized by an abundance
of calligraphic formations and compositions and Islamic decorative plant units.

Thermal Culture as National Heritage Among the Algerian Population Case Study Hammam Debagh Guelma

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The thermal culture in Algeria dates back to antiquity, the Romans were among the first to know the therapeutic
benefits of hot water springs in the region, Guelma is one of the Algerian cities which have natural hot springs, over
for centuries the thermal tradition has been perpetuated and has been integrated into the local medical culture. The
professional objective is to undertake an in-depth analysis of the thermal culture at Hammam Debagh, Guelma,
capitalizing on its rich ancient heritage, and the attractiveness of the public in search of medical care, relaxation and
leisure, thus highlighting the importance continues this age-old practice for health and well-being. A thorough
understanding of this tradition will help strengthen its attractiveness and promote its potential as a therapeutic and
tourism resource.

An Investigation of the Courtyard Designs of Historical Cumalikizik Houses

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aimed to investigate the courtyard designs of Cumalıkızık houses, which have been on the UNESCO World Heritage List
since 2014 due to their architectural and historical fabric. Traditional houses represent centuries old culture, reflecting the lifestyle
of the Turkish society. Nine main parameters were considered in the scope of the study, including the plan types, reinforcement
elements, activity elements, flooring elements, water elements, lighting elements, overhead cover elements, courtyard walls, and
types of landscape plants. A checklist composed of above parameters was developed in line with the designs of traditional houses
in Cumalıkızık village of Bursa. Study method included the development of the check list along with a review of books, magazines,
and Google database. On-site observations were made as regards field study and photographing activity. As a result of the field
study, particular designs, which were remarkable for the vital activities and the privacy of the users in the courtyards of the
Cumalıkızık houses were selected for further investigation.

The Rock Engravings of Taghit: An Archaeological Heritage in Danger

Dr Bousserak Malika — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The rock engravings of Taghit, dating back more than 3000 years, in the Béchar region in southwest Algerian are spread over
two stations, one at 18 km, the other at 22 km. This natural environment of 500 hectares reveals a certain beauty by the
presence of a river and barriers and the value of heritage. rock engravings are not the most beautiful or the most monumental, nevertheless, their study allows us to approach the extent of this that we call “ art prehistoric ” ( Boittelle G., 2015). They were discovered at the beginning of the 20th century and were mentioned for the first time in the notes of the captains of engineers military ( Devaux and R. Barthélémy in 1902, E. Gautier in 1904), the studies carried out during this period were not developed, but _ confirm the existence of several stations stretching from north to south of Taghit, along the valley Zouzfana. ( Alimen M.H., 1966).

Transforming Bakırköy Powder Magazine, an Industrial Heritage, through Repurposing into a Public Space

Yüksek lisans öğrencisi Merve Görçin, Prof. Dr. Alev Erarslan Göçer — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Heritage structures from the Ottoman period, such as the Bakırköy Powder Magazine in the Bakırköy district of
Istanbul, served their original purposes when constructed, but technological advancements and societal changes
have rendered them obsolete. In order to ensure the sustainable use of these structures and the transfer of
cultural heritage to future generations, the concept of "Industrial Archaeology," originating in 1950s England, has
gained significance. Advocated by art historian Alois Riegl, this approach proposes adapting industrial heritage
structures to meet the needs of modern society while preserving their historical and cultural values. The case of
Bakırköy Powder Magazine serves as a significant example of how such interventions can contribute to the
cultural richness of a society. The focus of the research is to examine the historical structure, Baruthane, which
supplied gunpowder for the Ottoman State, both before and after its repurposing. The building, now functioning
as a library, observation terrace, café, and social spaces, is thoroughly evaluated in terms of its historical context,
pre-intervention identity, and subsequent architectural features. In this context, the repurposing of industrial
heritage structures not only preserves history but also contributes to society by adapting them in a manner
compatible with the needs of modern society.

The Integration of Troglodyte Architecture into Contemporary Architecture, A Fusion of Tradition and Modernity: The Case of Dar Hi in Nefta

Dr. Wouroud TURKI, Dr. Amine HADJ TAIEB — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Troglodyte architecture, characterized by the utilization of natural caves or structures carved into rock, stands as a
mesmerizing testament to humanity's adaptability to its surroundings. This study explores the integration of troglodyte
architecture into contemporary design, with a specific focus on Dar Hi in Nefta, Tunisia. It investigates the historical
foundations, core principles, and the application of troglodyte architecture in modern architectural practices. The
analysis begins with a historical overview, tracing the evolution of troglodyte structures and their adaptability to
diverse environments. The centerpiece of this exploration is the detailed examination of Dar Hi, showcasing how it
encapsulates traditional troglodyte elements within a contemporary architectural framework. It dissects the
architectural components, materials, and design strategies employed, emphasizing sustainability and cultural
preservation. Moreover, this research highlights the experiential aspect, emphasizing how Dar Hi's design fosters a
sensory connection with Nefta's cultural heritage. It emphasizes how the integration of troglodyte architectural
elements within the establishment creates a unique blend of tradition and modernity. By spotlighting the case study
of Dar Hi, this study sheds light on the potential of harmonizing ancient architectural wisdom with modern design,
aiming to inspire discussions on preserving and creatively incorporating troglodyte architecture into contemporary
architectural discourse.

Contemporary Extension Proposal for Adaptive Reuse Industrial Archaeology: Minasın / Minas Mill Example

Assist. Prof. Dr. Ayşe Betül GÖKARSLAN, M.Sc Student Emre İPEK — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Industrial archeology deals with the pre-industrial, industrial revolution and the periods after this revolution. One of
the industrial archeology structures is the mills. The issue of protecting and ensuring the sustainability of mills as rural
industrial heritage comes to the agenda quite frequently. However, as is the case with other historical buildings that
are in ruins, reintegration work cannot be carried out in mills due to the lack of restitution resources in restoration
applications to today's comfort conditions. In such cases, since the building cannot maintain its original function today,
a contemporary addition is designed to suit its new function. Within the scope of this study, conservation suggestions
were made for the Minasın Mill, which remained idle in Isparta, and a contemporary addition was designed. Firstly,
the building's survey was taken, and then modern annexes and building elements were designed in 3D and suggestions
were made for its use.

Urban Development in the City of Hippo Regius in Algeria according to Ancient Iconography. Case Study of the Mosaic of the Seafront Villa

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The study of ancient cities is of great importance in understanding today's cities. Information on the way of life of
ancient populations and urban organization in this period can be obtained from various archaeological elements
unearthed, particularly in mosaics and iconography, which prove to be loaded with symbols and meanings. This
study aims to highlight the role of archaeological sources in the representation of architectural and urban elements,
and to interpret their symbolism and significant imprint. For this purpose, the research takes as its case study the
Hippo seafront mosaic dating from the 3rd century A.D., which represents Hippo Regius, currently the city of Annaba
in Algeria, founded in the 3rd century BC as a roman colony on the Mediterranean coast. Reading the mosaic has
enriched our knowledge of the city of Hippo, providing visual information on its landscape, architecture, socioeconomic activities, and importance as a seaport. Its credibility was demonstrated using a comparative approach that compares the depicted details with evidence from archaeological, historical, and iconographic discoveries.

Silhouette Study Through Management Plans in World Heritage Sites

Ph.D. Candidate, M.Arch Nuray ÖZKARACA ÖZALP, Professor Dr. Hicran Hanım HALAÇ — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The protection and sustainability of heritage sites in today's cities is an important issue in our country as well as all
over the world, and it is a big problem to protect and manage these areas to the future. In this direction, site
management plans prepared for heritage sites are of great importance. High or incorrect construction has become
one of the most important problems of many world heritage sites and threatens the original silhouettes, vantage
points and urban panoramas of cities, causing these values to lose their meaning and importance over time. For this
reason, many cities, areas or structures of important cultural heritage are removed from the UNESCO World Heritage
List or included in the List of World Heritage in Danger. The issue of preserving the silhouette is an important issue
that needs to be addressed in Turkey, where the assets worth protecting are unique in number and value. In this
study; In order to determine whether studies have been carried out to preserve the original features such as general
appearance, silhouette, and scenic points that contribute to the Outstanding Universal Value of heritage sites,
content has been scanned with the keywords "silhouette", "landscape" and "view".

The Aesthetics of Linear Formations in the Kiswah of the Holy Kaaba: Installation Systems as a Model

Dr. Duaa Alashari, Prof .Dr. Abdelaziz Berghout — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Kiswah of the Holy Kaaba possesses aesthetic values and dimensions embodied through the artistic composition
of Arabic calligraphy, and this artistic composition is considered a wonderful aesthetic artistic issue that arouses
admiration, appreciation and reverence. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the aesthetic systems with plastic artistic
values present in the linear formations embodied in the dress of the Holy Kaaba, according to a methodological
perspective and an artistic vision. The question that arises, which embodies the research problem, is gathered by the
researcher into a main question: Can the researcher analyze the aesthetic systems of Arabic calligraphy and calligraphic
formations in the covering of the Holy Kaaba and formulate them in a contemporary artistic language? Based on the
nature of the study and the goals it seeks to achieve, the researcher used the content analysis approach, which is an
approach suitable for this type of aesthetic study related to describing works of art. Regarding the study tool,
observation will be the fundamental tool used in this study. The study population is represented by the collection of
Arabic calligraphy and calligraphic formations in terms of the semantic and aesthetic functions of the covering of the
Holy Kaaba.

Exploring Urban Heritage: Leveraging Space Syntax for the Digitization and Preservation of Climat de France in Algiers

Ph.D. Candidate. Khadidja Khelil Cherfi, Dr. Rym Merzelkad, Dr. Hamza Benacer — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Research on modern heritage is attracting interest nowadays. For this research, we focused on the large housing estate
of Climat de France, designed by Fernand Pouillon. We aim with this participation to provide alternatives like digital
instruments to enhance these dwellings, articulating our research on the following problematic: How can the
contribution of space syntax be useful for carrying out a diagnosis and digitization of the Climat de France? The
research will be based on an integrated urban approach that combines spatial and geographical analysis. We will focus
on understanding the different elements of space (roads, public spaces, the built environment, and physical attitudes)
and describing the relationships between them in terms of connectivity, accessibility, nodality, and density, these
parameters will therefore require the use of software such as depthmapx. In conclusion, the study of the Climat de
France using syntaxe could be an effective lever for safeguarding and valorization of this modern heritage.

A Morphological Analysis on the Transformation of Ottoman Cities during the Tanzimat Era

M.A. Student Büşra Ün , Assist. Prof. Dr. Elif Selena Ayhan Koçyiğit — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Ottoman Empire witnessed radical changes and transformations in the economic, social, political and legal fields during
the 19th century. Especially, with the proclamation of the Tanzimat Edict in 1839, several reforms were issued to
strengthen the relations with the West. It was a period of reform and westernization where new orders were
specifically structured for Istanbul and later implemented into the selected cities of the empire. Although these newly
introduced legal reforms had an impact on the urban fabric, the main factor driving the spatial transformation in
Ottoman cities was the need to solve problems related to fires, migration and population growth. Therefore, this study
aims to examine the changes brought about by the reforms specifically developed for the city and urban space during
the Tanzimat Era. Through an analysis on urban morphology, this study focuses on understanding the impact of
Tanzimat reforms on spatial transformation of various Ottoman cities – except the capital city İstanbul – that exhibit
similar urban characteristics and patterns of change.

Rediscovering the Cultural Identity of the City Lucknow: Placemaking in Architecture

Gunjan Singh (8th B.Arch Student), Associate Prof. Reshmi Manikoth Kollarath — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Cultural Heritage influences a city's development and growth trends. The preservation of historic sites, architectural
character, and cultural areas can considerably boost tourism, property values, and a city's overall image. Lucknow, Uttar
Pradesh's capital, is an excellent illustration of how cultural heritage has had a significant impact on modern urbanization.
The city's rich cultural legacy and traditions are intertwined with its economic fabric. This research dives into Lucknow's
spatial expansion during the last century, including the growth of its surrounding districts. The approach used in this study
included a thorough review of past studies as well as an analysis of Google Earth maps to analyze the area in question.
Furthermore, the study uses relevant case studies from other heritage cities to assess best practices. One of the paper's
primary findings is the importance of architecture and placemaking in cultural resurgence. Preserving and supporting
cultural infrastructure can have a substantial impact.

Mapping and Revitalization of the Libraries of Santa Catarina and San Pedro Garza García in Nuevo León, Mexico

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Libraries' architecture is fundamental in shaping a community's knowledge and culture. Their design, when thoughtful,
has a significant impact on creating dynamic environments spread across cities and optimizes the functionality of the
space, contributing to the creation of informed, connected, and culturally enriched communities. Adapting libraries to
modern needs and using technologies that are easy to navigate are priorities in Mexico. The impact of evolving
educational and research spaces can allow future generations access to the richness of knowledge accumulated over
time, fostering local engagement. With the ease of getting lost in the routine of today's accelerated life, changing a
community's vision can be challenging. Still, reactivating libraries through their architecture can reshape the community's
lifestyles. This article aims to show the mapping process, the analysis, and the comparison libraries in Mexico's Santa
Catarina and San Pedro Garza García to establish a spatial proposal regarding the enrichment libraries provide to the
surrounding communities.

Between Heritage and Innovation: The Delicate Balance with the Existing Heritage in Architectural Design

M.A Nour Bouhoula — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

When an architect embarks on a project, one of the central challenges they encounter revolves around how to engage
with preexisting elements. Whether the canvas is a historic building, a heritage site, or an already-standing structure,
the existing heritage can be viewed as both an opportunity and a constraint. This duality prompts intricate questions
concerning the architect's role in balancing preservation with creation. In this regard, does the existing context serve
as a valuable opportunity that enhances architectural innovation, or does it present a vexing limitation that stifles
creativity? Can we simplify this complex matter into a binary judgment of either a beneficial opportunity or an
inhibiting constraint? How can we broaden our perspective and understanding of this subject so it transcends a
simplistic dichotomy? And what relationship should the new architecture maintain with the existing, ingrained
heritage?

The Influence of Ecological Identity on the Cultural Significance of Traditional Urban Public Spaces in Cultural Landscapes

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ashfina Thurkey, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Traditional urban public spaces are highly significant because they retain identities, histories, and memories of the
community in any cultural landscape. These spaces have existed since the prehistoric era and are an important part of a
landscape's unique identity. These spaces are also a part of larger ecological settings, where ecological features have an
impact on the design, purpose, and cultural significance. Therefore, This paper identifies specific indicators of ecological
identity through the application of case study analysis and multidisciplinary research methods and explores the influence of
ecological features in and around traditional public spaces on their cultural significance within a cultural landscape. The
findings reveal that the natural environment and traditional public spaces are intricately entwined with human culture in
the chosen study area and emphasise how important it is to comprehend the interactions between ecological and cultural
factors to conserve such spaces while promoting sustainable urban development.

Assessing the Impacts of Sanctions on Iran's Tourism Zones Using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods

Dr. shahrzad.moghadam — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article examines the impact of Iran's tourism zones on sanctions and evaluates the role of each criterion in the
intensity and severity of the impact. The research method was descriptive-comparative whose type was applied. Ranking
was done using the VIKOR technique and Expert Choice software by the four main criteria (attraction, advertising and
marketing, tourism and investment, and infrastructure) and ten sub-criteria. The results show that the northern zone
with a value of 0.00 has received the least effect from the international sanctions. The northwestern zone ranked the
next with a value of 0.224. Based on the Expert Choice output, the central zone with a value of 0.248 was in the first rank
due to the decrease in the number of foreign tourists and investments, which has suffered the most from the sanctions.
The northern zone with a value of 0.236 has been less affected by the sanctions.

Telmessos AW-4 Rock Tomb: Its Place and Importance Among Lycian Rock Tombs with Its Architecture and Iconography

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nisa YILMAZ ERKOVAN — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Telmessos, situated between Lycia and Caria in the western region, boasts a rich history dating back to the Bronze
Age. Specifically, the city Telebehi in Lycian houses distinctive rock tombs exemplifying the craftsmanship of the
region, noteworthy for their facade arrangements. This analysis focuses on the AW-4 rock tomb in the Amynthas
Rock necropolis. The tomb features a bedrock-carved facade with two panels, a niche in the front, and an inscription
and figured relief on its walls. Traces of a sliding door, common in Lycian tombs, are evident at the entrance. The
interior includes a U-shaped arrangement of three kline, serving as a resting place for the deceased. Unique data on
the region's rock grave tradition is provided by the Lycian inscription and iconographic description accompanying
the tomb.

Intangible Heritage and Local Development the Case of the Casbah of Algiers

Necissa Yamina, Merzelkad Rym, Idir Massinissa — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Intangible heritage occupies a central place in society as a witness to the traditions and customs handed down by
previous generations. Beyond its cultural dimension, it is an essential means of reinforcing a sense of belonging,
sustaining human creativity and revitalizing socio-cultural groups. However, its importance is not limited to simply
passing it on to future generations. This heritage also plays a fundamental role in the sustainable development of the
tourism sector and, consequently, the national economy. It is therefore imperative to explore innovative strategies to
enhance this heritage while preserving the cultural integrity of communities. The Casbah of Algiers was chosen as an
exemplary case study. In-depth surveys were carried out with visitors, cultural associations and tourism agencies. In
addition, we adopted an economic analysis methodology known as the "contingent valuation method", which enabled
us to assess the economic value of the intangible heritage of the Casbah of Algiers. Based on these results, we are able
to propose strategic recommendations for intensifying the conservation of intangible cultural heritage and
encouraging sustainable tourism. These recommendations could include awareness-raising actions, training initiatives,
collaboration with local stakeholders and targeted marketing campaigns. By promoting intangible heritage, we foster
economic prosperity while preserving.

Twice-Told Tales - About Love Toward Immortality

Inst. Assoc. Prof. Albertus S. Wang, Assist. Prof. Dr. Sujin Kim — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Aside from design, adaptive reuse in architecture is underpinned by a complex interplay of aesthetic, historical,
environmental, and economic considerations. This paper discusses the rationale behind salvaging old structures
rather than opting for demolition and new builds, examining three key aspects: Firstly, architecture transcends mere
functionality, encompassing history, memory, and ‘human desire’1 to shape the built environment. Old buildings
serve as historical witnesses, embodying2 a narrative that contributes to the cultural richness of their surroundings.
Secondly, the sustainability imperative favors the salvage of existing structures over demolition, acknowledging the
embodied tangible and intangible resources and energy within them. Finally, the intrinsic value of irreplaceable
elements such as traditional construction methods, spatial experiences, and authentic materials underscores the
unique character of old buildings. Critical to the success of adaptive reuse projects is meticulous documentation,
serving as a vital tool for architects, designers, and preservation experts. But most importantly, adaptive reuse allows
architecture to retell historical and contemporary stories multiple times.

Redevelopment of the Urban Area of the Former Canossian Oratory within the City Walls of Feltre

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This paper concerns the redevelopment of an urban space within the historic walls of Feltre, an ancient city located in
the province of Belluno, not far from Venice. It is particularly focused on the disused Oratory of the Canossian Friars,
at the top of the medieval city. The site is now abandoned and degraded, devoid of function and unresolved in form.
It is located close to the city's main square and is bordered by pre-existing buildings of relevant historical importance,
including the Castle, the Napoleonic Stables, the Clock Tower, the Civic Museum and the Church of San Rocco. In another respect, the former Oratory of the Canossian Friars, which was investigated by our research group at the Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering of the University of Padova, is proposed as a case study regarding the relationship between new and old.

Analysis of Additional Building Effects in Historic Buildings with Visual Attention Software: The Case of Dresden Military History Museum

Ph.D. Candidate, M.Arch Nuray ÖZKARACA ÖZALP, Professor Dr. Hicran Hanım HALAÇ — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Modern additions to historic environments/buildings have been designed from the past to the present. In this
context, it is always questioned which architectural elements attract more attention: historical elements or modern
elements. When a person encounters an image, their subconscious mind instantly decides what exactly attracts their
attention. According to the theory of Cognitive Architecture, there are architectural principles that people
subconsciously prefer. Considering these principles, it is assumed that traditional buildings attract more
subconscious attention than modern buildings. This assumption constitutes the hypothesis of the study. In the study,
the visual attention method was used to analyze the additional building effects in historical buildings. To predict the
observers' reactions to the visuals, the Military History Museum in Dresden, Germany was selected as a case study.
For visual attention, 3M's VAS (Visual Attention Software), an artificial intelligence application developed using
experimental data from eye tracking, was used. Diagrams and analysis from 3M eye tracking are presented to explain
which architecture is more interesting and why.

Ancient Habitat of Kabylia : Identities and Originality

Prof. Dr. Hamil Samira — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The Kabylia region has a rich architectural heritage and is considered one of the most important heritage elements
that distinguish Algeria from the rest of the world, bequeathed by our ancestors, which attracts the intention despite
its ancient construction and its exposure to many natural factors, remain unshakable. In order to allow future
generations to immerse themselves in the culture of their ancestors, they must reintegrate them again and convert
them within the framework of mountain tourism. On the other hand, we note that this habitat has not been the subject
of care and study by specialized researchers, archaeologists and architects. In this communication we invite you to discover the history and architectural structures of villages and houses in Kabylie by focusing on the preparation and organization, as well as the construction techniques and the raw materials used and how can we preserve them?

Pre-War Greek “Open” Prisons: A Dynamic Spatial Condition

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the unique nature of pre-war Greek agricultural prisons, arguing that these settlements offered a
progressive spatial condition to the enclosed communities. In contrast to Foucault's model of central control and
isolation, these prisons incorporated agricultural work and open-air spaces, aiming for rehabilitation through: a)
connection with the natural environment and b) assigning responsibilities to the inmates. As Yi-Fu Tuan suggests, we
cross-examine conceptual, built, and experienced spaces to explore "...how abstract ideas develop out of those given
directly to the body...". Following a qualitative research method, we examine three aspects of prison space: space
defined by the legal system, the built space, the lived space. We present findings on the built structures and life
within them, concluding with how culture of enclosed societies contributes to a state's legal and political civilization.
We highlight these places as valuable heritage deserving further interdisciplinary investigation by architecture,
criminology and anthropology.

Urban Revitalization as a Lever for Urban Progress. Case of the Belouizdad-Algiers Distric

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Rapid urbanization and housing challenges are inescapable realities of our contemporary era. Around the world, many
urban regions face complex issues such as the shortage of quality housing, degraded neighborhoods, and continued
population growth. These issues raise crucial questions about how we manage our urban spaces and how we respond
to the needs of citizens. This work explores urban revitalization, both as a general concept in the specific context of
Algeria, with a focus on the challenges and opportunities that arise. Our study asks how the urban revitalization of a
neighborhood can be implemented in a relevant way while effectively promoting community participation? This
research, whose objective is to understand the challenges of urban revitalization, offers a strategic framework for
revitalization. Establishing recommendations to improve residents' quality of life, thus serving as a starting point for
future actions. It aspires to transform the neighbourhood into a vibrant and inclusive place, while mobilizing the
community engagement and resources needed for successful urban revitalization.

Preserving Cultural Identity in Historic Cities: Exploring the Intersection of Tradition and Development in Varanasi, India

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Historic cities are invaluable collections of cultural heritage, embodying centuries of history, tradition, and identity.
Varanasi, known as India's oldest city, has a rich history and architectural style that combines Hindu, Islamic, and Mughal
influences. Its core consists of ancient temples, ghats, and traditional houses. However, the quick speed of expansion and
urbanization has raised worries about preservation of its cultural identity, posing a delicate balance between historicity
and demands of modernization and expansion. This paper looks at the complex interplay of cultural identity, tradition, and
change in the architectural environment of historic cities, with a particular emphasis on Varanasi. The study investigates
the impact of urban development on the city’s cultural fabric. The paper will investigate both historical and contemporary
architectural practices, shedding light on the challenges and opportunities that exist at this intersection. The paper
highlights the necessity of creating a balance between cultural identity and urban development.

The Role of Small Localities in the Requalification of Territories: the Case of the Grand Medea Territory, Algeria

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Menouer Ouassila — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Since independence until today, the development of Algerian cities and the spread of their urban agglomerations have
led to the marginalization of small localities that were once flourishing because of their various vocations: rural,
historical, cultural, etc. This contribution is part of a new vision of spatial planning based on the architectural and urban
requalification of heritage resources and structures as a vector of the development of poor and abandoned localities.
It will be presented through the example of the large territory of Medea and its surroundings. The research is based
on the identification, recognition, and enhancement of the natural, historical, architectural, and urban heritage of the
territory. It is part of the main orientation of the National Land Use Planning Plan (SNAT 2023) which is the territorial
rebalancing. The approach made it possible to develop a territorial revitalization program resulting from the character
of the resources and potential of the site like cork factories, the recovery of abandoned farms, the creation of spas,
leisure areas, etc. It also made it possible to develop a reflection on the housing typology to integrate into the rural
contexts that characterize the Grand Medea’s territory.

Comparative Assessment of Asartepe/Konya Hellenistic Period Settlement and Contemporary Urban Fabric

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Korumaz, Arch Ganime Nur Sakallı — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The village of Yeniceköy (Amblada), located in the Seydişehir/Konya provience, has a history dating back approximately
ten tousand years. It is estimated that the nearby city of Ververit has a history older than Çatalhöyük. The remains of
the city wall, found to the east of Asartepe, are from the Hellenistic Period and indicate the presence of a large temple
in that era. Additionally, the wide plain to the west of Asartepe, referred to as the marketplace by the villagers, is
believed to have been the city's agora during the Hellenistic period. Interaction between the ancient settlement and
the current one is observed, with many building materials from the ancient period being used in current buildings.
Many of these materials contain decorative elements and embellishments from the Hellenistic period. Historical
research has been conducted on this region, which holds significant cultural depth, comparing the settlement from
ancient times to the present day. Evaluations have been made considering the relationship between a Hellenistic
period city and a modern city, with a focus on urban conservation.

Wellbeing of Urban Space: Child-friendly Approaches Exploring the Contextual and Subjective Paradigm

Ph.D. Candidate Aruna Bhardwaj, Prof. Dr. Suruchi Modi — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The environment in which children grows up plays a crucial role in their development. While urban areas offer better
educational facilities, extracurricular activities, and diverse experiences, rapid urbanization poses unforeseen
challenges such as pollution, traffic, and loss of natural habitats. Adopting a child-friendly approach can redirect and
alter the course of development in urban settlements. Solutions that benefit all stakeholders can be implemented
by prioritizing the most vulnerable stakeholders. This paper is a systematic review of research literature that explores
the relationship between the well-being of children, inhabitants and child-friendly approaches in the context of
urban space. It also brings the children's perspective and their experiences into focus to understand the perception
and reality of risks in urban childhood spaces.

Biophilic Design in Office Buildings: A Salutogenic Approach to Enhancing Well-being in the Built Environment

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Asmaa Ramadan Elantary — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research paper explores biophilic design principles in office buildings, focusing on promoting well-being and
creating salutogenic environments. It investigates key aspects of biophilic design, such as natural light, views of nature,
indoor plants, and natural materials, and their impact on occupant well-being and productivity. The study uses a mixedmethods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews with office employees. The results
reveal that biophilic design elements significantly contribute to improved well-being, including increased job
satisfaction, reduced stress levels, and enhanced productivity. The study emphasizes the importance of incorporating
biophilic design strategies in office buildings to create salutogenic environments that enhance employee well-being. It
highlights the significance of natural elements in mitigating the negative effects of a sedentary work environment. The
research contributes to the field by providing empirical evidence supporting the implementation of biophilic design in
offices, emphasizing the benefits of a connection with nature for well-being and productivity.

Exploring the Relationship between Healthy City and Public Space Ergonomics: A Bibliometric Analysis

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study uses the Scopus database and VOSviewer software to do a bibliometric analysis, specifically examining the
correlation between healthy cities and public space ergonomics. The study tries to understand the relationship
between these fields by analyzing 2074 English-language papers from Scopus, which include the period from 2004 to
2024. Healthy city involves ensuring environmental sustainability, promoting public health, and achieving social equity.
In addition, public space ergonomics examines the design of urban spaces in order to improve the experience and
accessibility for users. The analysis uncovers dynamic patterns, fundamental ideas, and cooperative connections. The
findings highlight the reciprocal impact of urban planning that promotes health and the ergonomic design of public
spaces, emphasizing the importance of integrated strategies for creating healthier urban environments. This work
contributes discussion by providing comprehensive summary, as well as leading future research in these interrelated
fields.

The Impact of Biophilic Design on Cognitive Map Performance: A Case Study on Girls Primary Public Schools in Bahrain

Ph.D. Candidate Amal Attiya, Prof. Dr. Najla Allani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Previous studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between biophilic design strategies and cognitive
function. However, similar effects on primary schools, the main space influencing children's spatial perception,
have yet to be explored. The study adopts qualitative and quantitative approaches to investigate the impact of
biophilic design attributes on children's cognitive performance, aiming to improve wayfinding strategies in primary
schools in Bahrain. While the interviews with boys and girls from different schools assisted in defining the study
area and children's gender, an expert in school design shed light on wayfinding parameters used in Bahrain. The
cognitive map drawings collected from 67 girls between 9 and 11 allowed the study to determine the
characteristics that influence girls' spatial perception. The study findings demonstrate the potential of each
biophilic design attribute as an opportunity to design future primary schools in Bahrain that provide healthy and
sustainable spaces for children to thrive and develop.

Designing Living Spaces That Trigger Creativity Through The Senses: An Architectural Design Studio Experience

Dr. Senem Müştak Sevindik — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Architecture emerged with the basic need for shelter and has been shaped within the framework of life and sociocultural needs from the first human being to the present day. Houses, as living spaces, are shaped by human life.
Houses can directly affect the lives and emotions of individuals. Many studies on this subject have shown that houses
have a great influence on individuals. Based on this context, Kocaeli University Department of Architecture, second
year, first semester Architectural Design 1 course was shaped by the question of whether the spaces that will trigger
the creativity that an artist and his/her family need within the framework of their needs can be designed through the
senses. Within the scope of the study, it is aimed to discuss and evaluate three projects worked on during a semester
and to present a multisensory design approach to the artist’s residence.

Finding the Minimalistic Principles in Vernacular Architecture: A Case Study of Gulledgudda, Karnataka, India

Assoc. Prof.Ar. Deepa Mane, Assoc. Prof.Ar. Rohini Maligi — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The research paper aims to study the architectural principles followed and adopted in minimalistic architecture. The study
intends to understand the impact of culture on minimalist architecture. Minimalism is acknowledged by reasoning as the
concept of culture. This paper also discusses the planning and design concepts involved in the vernacular houses of
Gulledgudda, a weaver's village in Karnataka, India. Vernacular houses of Gulledgudda justify the characteristics of
minimalism with their Simplicity-Bareness-Cleanliness. The methodology adopted was a primary survey, documentation, and
semi-structured interviews of vernacular houses of Gulledgudda. It also emphasized open spaces, natural light, and a sense
of functionality while reducing unnecessary elements to create a serene and uncluttered environment.The result are simple
geometrical forms with functional spaces which are pure white in colour , which generates a sense of emptiness and
serenity.

Urbicide the City of Gaza

Dr. Ahmad Zaki Khalilia — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

At 7 October Gaza city is being subjected to genocide as a result of the angry reaction, with most of the victims were children
and women. South Africa submit a request to the International Court of Justice in a case entitled “Application of the
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide in the Gaza Strip (South Africa v. Israel)”.
Acceptance indicates the validity of the request. Urbicide the city is one of the methods used by the colonial authorities to
redesign the urban environment, by demolishing homes, public buildings, infrastructure, hospitals, open spaces and even
zoos, which would be a reformulation of the Palestinian narrative from the Israeli perspective. The study methodology is
based on analyzing the Urbicide concept . which is done through understanding the phenomena, analyzing them, and
comparing them with similar cases. This is done by analyzing some of the military objectives carried out during the war on
urban, architectural, historical, governmental and community sites in Gaza. The place was destroyed, the population was
dispersed, the features of the city changed, the infrastructure disappeared, and hope became a mere mirage. The extent of
the interrelation between the urbicide and genocide is become clear.

The Effect of Occupant Behavior on the Residential Visual Environment: A Case Study from Annaba, Algeria

Ph.D. Candidate Makhlouf Salma, Dr. Cheraitia Mohammed — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The construction of comfortable, energy-efficient and health-friendly homes is more crucial than ever at a time when
the health crisis is forcing us to reconsider our way of life. This article used a post-occupancy evaluation of the
inhabited space in residential buildings at Oued El-Fourcha neighborhood in Annaba to assess user satisfaction with
occupied buildings, examine the impact of daylighting and human behavior on the lighting ambience. The results of
the study were processed by SPHINX Lexica software, focusing mainly on the qualitative aspects of daylighting in the
inhabited space, taking into account occupant preferences. The study demonstrated an unfavorable level of internal
illuminance, and that adequate lighting also needs to meet occupant requirements in order to make these windows
usable, which must satisfy a number of socio-cultural, climatic and environmental factors.

Peri-Urban and Urban Agriculture in Constantine, Algeria

Dr Assia Lifa — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study focuses on the metropolitan area of Constantine, a territory of regional attraction, capable of stimulating the
development of the wilaya in the coming years thanks to a diversified and multifunctional peri-urban agriculture. The
study is based on a questionnaire survey carried out throughout the study area. Specifically in the municipalities of
Hamma and Khroub, the results show that, despite the progression of urbanization, the Constantine Urban Group
contributes 37% of the total production of the wilaya in 2022. This production is characterized by a certain diversity:
cereal crops, market gardening and arboriculture are the pillars of agriculture in Constantine. Beyond its primary
vocation, this agriculture contributes to the attractiveness of territories and landscapes that reflect the image of the city,
to the management and protection of natural resources, while shaping rural landscapes”.

The Haven Hood: Redefining Portable Units for Communities in Need

Eng(B.S). Nour Ksaiby, Eng(MSc). Doaa Ibrahim — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, over a 100 million people worldwide were forcibly
displaced from their homes, facing life-threatening poverty, suffering from overcrowding, lack of proper food and
water, lack of sanitary methods, mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress
disorder. This study provides a solution suitable for the temporary crisis: a shelter with essential units including
residential, educational, healthcare, and outdoor facilities; to increase refugees' self-reliance and improve their life
conditions. The best architectural solution for refugees follows transitional shelter typology, which has movable,
adaptable, transformable, and interactive features. A shipping container provides a unit that has the previous features
in addition to sustainable approaches and flexibility; this makes it the best choice to serve the study goal and to achieve
the three main elements of this study, shelter, flexibility, and sustainability, creating a prototype that can adapt
different needs.

Fragility Assessment of Single Concrete Pier and Pile-Soil Interaction Impact under Near and Far-Fault Earthquakes

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Civil engineers face a significant challenge in assessing seismic vulnerability due to the complex of soil-pile-structure
interaction system. This research aims to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of individual piers under various seismic
ground motions. Factors like sand type, pile diameter, pier height, and mass placed were investigated for their impact
on the seismic fragility of concrete piers. Using incremental dynamic analysis with a beam on a nonlinear Winkler
foundation model, the study compared the effects of near and far ground motions. Results from the dynamic analysis
and fragility assessment demonstrated the effects of the parameters above-mentioned on the design of fragility
curves, as well as its relationships to fundamental period of structural system.

Optimizing Retrofit Strategies for RC Frames through Combined Techniques

Dr. SAADI Mohamed, Assoc. Prof. Dr. YAHIAOUI Djarir — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Over the past twenty years, researchers have directed their efforts towards enhancing the earthquake resistance of
concrete frames through repair and retrofitting. Two main approaches have emerged for bolstering the seismic
resilience of previously intact structures prior to earthquake exposure. The first involves augmenting the existing
structure with additional components like steel bracing, while the second entails reinforcing specific structural
elements, such as employing steel cages. Seismic response analyses have been conducted on multi-story reinforced
concrete (RC) frames originally designed without seismic considerations. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of
retrofitting techniques by comparing the outcomes of employing steel braces, steel cages, and their combinations. The
seismic performance is evaluated according to the RPA 2003 seismic code for Algeria, following the latest guidelines.
Static nonlinear analysis was utilized to compare the seismic responses of existing non-ductile RC frames under various
retrofitting schemes.

Elbasan City's Local Geodesic Network Construction Using Gnss Surveys

Ph.D Candidate Eduart Blloshmi, Assoc.Prof. Bilbil Nurçe — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This abstract describes how the city of Elbasan's local geodetic support network is being built using GNSS
measurements, which will have a favorable effect on the city's economic and social development. The acquired
information will be used as a fundamental point of reference for all geodetic projects, as well as for engineering, urban,
and scientific designs, as well as geological and geographical studies. In order to determine the three-dimensional
position of the points in the official KRGJSH frame—which is based on the ETRF2000 reference frame of reference to
the European continental coordinate system ETRS89—as well as the official frame KRGJSH (Albanian Geodetic
Reference Framework), in which all the coordinates—it will be necessary to build the local geodetic support network
and implement GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) measurements.

Structural Static Evaluation of Historic Stone Building (Case Study: Zahdeh Building in Hebron Old City)

Assoc. Prof. Ghassan Dweik, Asst. Prof. Haitham Ayyad, Lec.Eng. Afnan ALkaraki — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The historical buildings are of great importance, as they represent the architectural heritage and the image of history.
Accurate structural analysis of stone buildings is a real challenge, as the mechanical properties of stone and mortar
units are different and unavailable. The aim of the research is assessment historical stone buildings. An experimental
study was conducted to determine the mechanical properties of stone building materials and to modelling validation.
A numerical modelling was carried out through a non-linear static analysis based on a macro finite element model,
using ANSYS. The result obtained of the model of Zahdeh building is that building can bear its loads in its current
condition, and it also has the ability to bear loads equivalent to two floors. The proposed methods, are suitable for
structural assessment process and can be applied to similar building models to preserve, both architectural heritage
and historic buildings.

A Study on Comparison of Quality Perceptions of Contractors and Customers in Flat-For-Land Projects

Asst. Prof. Dr. Bayram Er, M.A. Erdem Özer — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Quality is a subjective concept, varying from person to person, shaped by the extent to which individuals' expectations
of a product or service are met. In Turkey, the majority of residential properties are constructed through flat-for-land
projects. To ensure successful sales, contractors in such projects must determine customer expectations before
starting construction. In other words, there should be a common quality perception between the contractor and the
customer. This study aims to reveal whether there is an alignment between the quality perceptions of contractors
and customers who purchase residential properties. Within this scope, semi-structured interviews were conducted
with two different participant groups consisting of 9 contractors and 14 customers. Participants were asked to define
a quality residence and specify the features that make a residence high quality. Through the interviews, six main
themes and 18 sub-themes shaping participants' quality perceptions were identified. As a result, it was concluded that
the themes of "Architectural Design," "Materials," and "Structural Stability" were common in the quality perceptions
of both groups.

New Anchorage Technique for GFRP Flexural Strengthening of Concrete Beams Using Bolts-End Anchoring System

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Djarir Yahiaoui, Prof. Dr. Mohamed Saadi — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The concept of external glass FRP composite confinement is a current process for strengthening concrete beams
subjected to static loads. End anchorage glass FRP composites of 80 mm width and 90–130 mm length with different
thicknesses (2.4 and 4.8 mm) have been fixed at the bottom of beams with bolts of various diameters (6 and 10
mm). It is concluded that the load capacity of the BEGFPC beams is improved by increasing the end-anchorage glass
FRP composite thickness (about 98–188%). In addition, the BEGFPC system with bolts of 6 mm diameter has
significantly improved the flexibility of beams. In contrast, the 10 mm bolts in diameter give a high ultimate load,
whatever their quantity. Therefore, combining bolts with diameters of 6 and 10 mm would be the best solution for
increasing the ultimate load and ductility of the retrofitted beams.

Analysis of the Data Presented by Tide Gauge Stations in Albania

Ph.D Candidate Bledar Sina, Assoc.Prof. Gezim Hasko — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study focuses on the comprehensive monitoring of tide gauges along the coastal regions of the Republic of
Albania, aiming to assess sea level variations and understand the dynamics of the coastal environment. Tide gauges
play a crucial role in providing essential data for coastal management, climate change studies, and disaster
preparedness. The research involves the deployment and maintenance of tide gauges at strategic locations along the
Albanian coastline, coupled with an in-depth analysis of the collected data. The monitoring process includes
continuous data acquisition from tide gauges, incorporating advanced sensors and telemetry systems to ensure realtime and accurate measurements. The acquired data are analyzed to identify patterns, trends, and anomalies in sea
level variations. Additionally, the study investigates the influence of meteorological and oceanographic factors on tide
gauge readings, enhancing the understanding of the complex interactions shaping coastal dynamics. Furthermore, the
research explores the implications of observed sea level changes on coastal ecosystems, infrastructure, and
community resilience. It provides valuable insights into potential threats such as coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion,
and flooding. The findings contribute to the development of effective adaptation and mitigation strategies to address
the challenges posed by rising sea levels.

Enhancing the Durability of Pre-Cracked Concrete: The Crucial Role of Metakaolin and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study conducted a rigorous experiment to assess the strength and durability of pre-cracked concrete modified
with metakaolin (MK) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). Three categories of hardened concrete were
compared to conventional concrete, focusing on key parameters such as compressive strength, mass loss, open
porosity, water penetration, capillary water absorption, and drying shrinkage. The assessments were performed under
two levels of compression damage and exposure to sulfuric acid (5% concentration). The results demonstrated a
significant long-term improvement in compressive strength by incorporating MK and GBFS, despite a reduction of up
to 80% in the presence of sulfuric acid. The F10 formulation exhibited the best performance, highlighting the positive
impact of additives on concrete durability. Replacing cement with MK and GBFS at a 10% level was identified as the
optimal design for sewer structures due to minimal shrinkage compared to other formulations.