Dynamic Simulation Approach for Estimating Solar Energy Potential of the Building Environment in the Macedonian Context

Abstract

This research develops an integrated methodological framework for assessing solar energy potential within the built environment through dynamic simulation. The approach combines LiDAR-derived spatial data, GIS-based analysis, and time-dependent solar radiation modelling to evaluate both geometric and energy-related characteristics of roof surfaces. The methodology incorporates detailed roof documentation alongside dynamic solar simulation to quantify spatial parameters and corresponding solar energy capacity at building level. The results demonstrate that solar potential is strongly influenced by roof geometry, orientation, and local climatic conditions, and that dynamic simulation provides a reliable basis for identifying suitable surfaces for photovoltaic (PV) integration. The study further highlights the role of geospatial data in enabling precise energy assessments and supporting data-driven decision-making. By linking spatial analysis with energy modelling, this research contributes to the development of a solar cadastre applicable to urban and national scales. The findings underline the importance of dynamic, GIS-based approaches in advancing renewable energy strategies and facilitating the transition toward sustainable and decentralized energy systems within the built environment.