University Science and Technology Innovation Parks as Catalysts for Smart and Sustainable Cities: A Systematic Review of Global Models

Abstract

University Science and Technology Innovation Parks (USTIPs) play a crucial role in shaping
knowledge-based economies and advancing the transformation towards smart and sustainable
cities. This paper systematically reviews global studies to examine how USTIPs function as
important hubs for urban innovation, sustainable development, and design transformation. The
review synthesizes key findings from global models, focusing on architectural strategies,
spatial organization, digital infrastructures, sustainability practices, and policy frameworks
that influence the performance of USTIPs. The findings indicate that well-designed USTIPs
help facilitate the development of smart city by promoting technology transfer, enhancing
university–industry–government collaboration, and utilizing IoT and AI technologies to
achieve a sustainable urban environment. In urban design, USTIPs help promote compact city
growth, urban walkability, climate-resilient planning, and low-carbon city development. The
study concludes by highlighting key design and policy implications aimed at strengthening
USTIPs as strategic catalysts for future urban innovation and sustainable city development.